Early China-Chapter 7 – Flashcards
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Name two rivers important to early Chines civilization
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Huang He and Chang Jiang
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The flooding of the river of China helped farmers as it left behind
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rich topsoil
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In these river valleys how much of its land could be farmed?
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1/10
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What geographical features shaped China's civilization?
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mountains, desert, and rivers
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The kings of the Shang dynasty ruled from what capital city?
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Anyang
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What was the role of the Shang warlords?
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govern the kingdom's territories
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List three crops grown by most Shang Chinese farmers?
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millet, wheat, rice
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What did the people of the Shang dynasty worship?
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Gods and spirits
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Who did the people of the Shang dynasty honor?
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ancestors or departed family
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Like many other ancient languages early Chinese writing used
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pictographs and ideographs
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Which of the two Chinese writings represents and idea?
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ideograph
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In Chinese writing most writing represented
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whole words
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Who was the Chinese aristocrat that overthrew the Shang dynasty and began a new dynasty called the Zhou?
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Wu Wang
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Who did the Zhou kings entrust to rule?
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aristocrats
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What two systems allowed farmers to grow more crops?
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irrigation and flood control
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What ended the Zhou dynasty?
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their own states and rulers became powerful
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Name three main social classes of early China?
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landowning aristocrats, peasant farmers and merchants
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Why did the amount of land owned by each aristocrat decrease in time?
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they split it between sons
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About how many Chinese were farmers?
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9 out of 10
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Describe the concept of filial piety?
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family members
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What were two primary responsibilities of women in Chinese society?
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keeping the household and raising children
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What did Confucius believe would bring peace to Chinese society?
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treat others the way they would like to be treated
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What particular teaching of Confucius caused him to be resisted by the aristocrats?
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all men with a talent for governing should take part in government
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What Chinese philosophy was based on the teachings of Laozi?
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Daoism
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What did the scholar Hanfeizi believe about human nature that was different from both Confucius and Laozi?
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that people are naturally evil
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Why did Hanfeizi believe people needed laws and punishment?
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force them to do their duty
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Why did aristocrats like the philosophy of Legalism?
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it favored force and power
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What means "the First Qin Emperor"?
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Qin Shihuagdi
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What did Qin Shihuangdi base his rule?
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Legalism
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Why did Qin face little opposition during most of his reign?
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everyone who opposed him were punished or killed
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Who were the Xiongnu and at what did the excel?
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masters at fighting on horseback
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Why did Qin Shihuangdi have the Great Wall built?
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to keep the Xiongnu from attacking farms and villages
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Why did the Qin dynasty fall?
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they thought he was a cruel leader
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How did China's empire increase in size during the Han dynasty?
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farmers were forced to sell land
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Who were the first people to make paper?
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Chinese
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Why were only expensive goods carried on the Silk Road?
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difficult, dangerous, and had to pay taxes to many kingdoms
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What groups in China were the first to adopt Buddhism?
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merchants and scholars
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How did Buddhism help people during the collapse of the Han government and the beginnings of the civil war?
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helped cope with stress and fear
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What is a line of rulers that belongs to the same family?
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dynasty
