question

An integrated curriculum

answer

involves learning goals across multiple content areas.

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An effective curriculum to develop creativity in young children should emphasize

answer

providing appropriate materials, experiences, and relationships to support creative development.

question

A strong emphasis is placed on ________ in the curriculum for the primary grades.

answer

learning to read

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Assessment should be linked to the achievement of standards and

answer

should regularly inform teachers about student progress.

question

A differentiated classroom refers to one in which

answer

a range of spaces accommodates independent, small-group, and large-group work.

question

Among risk factors posing educational challenges to families, which of the following poses the greatest risk?

answer

poverty

question

A Professional in ECE will reflect

answer

a code of ethics that respects all children.

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An early childhood teacher who acknowledges individual differences

answer

sets expectations based upon each child's developmental level.

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Advocating for young children and their families requires teachers to

answer

publicly support a policy or cause they believe to be right.

question

A typical preschooler has a vocabulary of about ________ words.

answer

1,000

question

A teacher interested in implementing developmentally appropriate practice should identify

answer

different learning goals for each child reflecting individual abilities.

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Ava has just learned to tell her teacher how many markers are in the set by counting each one and saying the last number as the answer to "How many?" Ava is most likely ________ year(s) old.

answer

four

question

A teacher using the Reggio Emilia Approach will focus on _________ based on the child's interests.

answer

an emergent curriculum

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A ________ is an early childhood professional who works with new teachers to improve their skills or to help teachers with children who have particular learning challenges.

answer

mentor teacher

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A child who says, "I broomed the floor," is

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overgeneralizing a language rule.

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Child care centers and family child care homes provide care and education

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for children of varying ages.

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Culturally competent professionals

answer

understand the importance of forming partnerships that span cultural and linguistic diversity.

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Early childhood education professionals teach children from

answer

birth to age 8.

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Children typically speak their first words between ________ months of age.

answer

12 and 18

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Culture

answer

dramatically affects development.

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Differentiated instruction is designed to educate children through ________ techniques in order to ensure every student is being reached.

answer

multiple

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Early childhood professionals who want the opportunity to teach in various contexts such as public, private, or faith-based schools or parent cooperatives should become ________ teachers.

answer

preschool

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Effective curriculums are comprehensive, research-based, and

answer

influenced by standards.

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Effective playground supervision includes all of the following except

answer

providing just enough attention so that children are aware the teacher is watching.

question

Early childhood professionals who want to teach according to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences should

answer

plan a variety of activities that involve different intelligences.

question

Early childhood education professionals contribute by

answer

conducting their own research collaborating with parents.

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Examples of integrated curriculums are:

answer

emergent, thematic units, and projects.

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Friedrich Froebel is known as the

answer

father of the kindergarten.

question

Hopping and skipping are examples of the fundamental phase of motor development, which typically occurs during the ________ years.

answer

preschool

question

In order to work effectively with families, teachers should build relationships by

answer

conveying an attitude of trust, respect, and acceptance.

question

In order to encourage ________ development, a preschool teacher might set up an obstacle course during free play time.

answer

gross motor

question

In the school setting, which of Gardner's intelligences is typically emphasized?

answer

logical/mathematical and linguistic

question

In addition to specifying content knowledge and understanding of such concepts as curriculum, pedagogy, assessment, and wellness, the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) places a special emphasis on ________ in the early childhood program standards.

answer

caring relationships

question

In order to work effectively with families in times of stress, teachers should

answer

know about community programs to assist families in finding help at these times.

question

In your kindergarten class, reading skills range from familiarity with the alphabet to mastery of one-syllable words. How would you implement developmentally appropriate practice in this class?

answer

Identify each child's abilities, struggles, and interests and adapt reading instruction to individual variation.

question

Jacob is restless at group story time in a four-year-old preschool classroom. Which of the following approaches would be a developmentally appropriate practice for his teacher?

answer

The teacher should encourage Jacob to join the group's discussion of the book illustrations.

question

John Locke promoted the belief that children are born as

answer

blank slates.

question

Kelly has created a curriculum based on apples for her kindergarten class. This is an example of

answer

a thematic unit.

question

Knowledge of family systems theory gives teachers a deeper understanding of

answer

family behavior with each other and with those outside the family.

question

Knowing whether a child tends to take risks would be helpful information for

answer

supervision and safety plans.

question

Learning experiences and activities focused on shapes, colors, numbers, and the alphabet

answer

should be the basis of the preschool curriculum.

question

One element common to behavioral learning theory and social-cognitive theory is that they both

answer

promote the idea of learning from consequences.

question

"Least restrictive environment" refers to the setting where the child is

answer

allowed to receive services among the greatest number of nondisabled children.

question

One similarity between the developmental theories of Piaget and Vygotsky is that they are both

answer

constructivist theories of learning through interaction with the environment.

question

One-year-old Sam is able to stand and walk. He is in the ________ phase of motor development.

answer

rudimentary

question

One effective strategy for inclusive classrooms is to provide multiple options for engaging with the curriculum. Which of the following is the best example of multiple means of engagement?

answer

including math-related activities in several learning centers such as the dramatic play, music, and writing centers

question

Playing in a natural environment fosters all of the following for children except

answer

increased bullying behavior.

question

Right- or left-handedness typically emerges by age

answer

three

question

"Shaping" involves

answer

rewarding each step toward a goal to teach a new skill

question

Solitary play is characteristic of ________ year-old children.

answer

2- to 2½-

question

Sam has just begun to spontaneously apologize to other children if he accidentally hurts them during play time. Sam is most likely ________ years old.

answer

four to five

question

Scheduling regular disaster emergency response drills

answer

helps children learn how to follow directions in an emergency.

question

B. F. Skinner's theory of learning is known as

answer

behaviorism.

question

Once a child masters a particular skill, a teacher engaged in developmentally appropriate practice would

answer

introduce new and related skills that are achievable.

question

The Head Start program serves only children

answer

from low-income families.

question

Teaching infants and toddlers requires more ________ than teaching preschoolers and school-aged children.

answer

physical care

question

Teachers do not consider the children's prior _______ when designing play activities.

answer

grades

question

The teacher in a preschool classroom employing developmentally appropriate curriculum and teaching practices would

answer

adapt the curriculum and teaching strategies to fit the needs of individual children.

question

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

answer

provides federal funds to support education and intervention services from birth to age 21.

question

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) provides

answer

free and appropriate education, including special services, to all disabled children in the least restrictive environment.

question

The children in your class with special gifts and talents

answer

may need materials and activities that are typically considered more appropriate for older children.

question

The NAEYC specifies early childhood standards in all of the following areas except

answer

content areas.

question

The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) has ____ program standards, which include relationships, curriculums, teaching, and assessment.

answer

ten

question

This curriculum model places an emphasis on creating classroom environments that facilitate learning and development.

answer

Creative Curriculum

question

Teachers can best help toddlers build a solid foundation for making healthy food choices by

answer

making sure each meal features a variety of healthy foods.

question

To prevent the spread of disease, ________ is the most effective and important practice in the early childhood setting.

answer

modeling hand washing and teaching children when and how to wash their hands

question

The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) statement of commitment includes all of the following obligations except

answer

always following the policies of your program.

question

The main difference between Piaget and Vygotsky was Vygotsky's emphasis on

answer

culture.

question

What implies that practices are research based and yield positive outcomes for children?

answer

high quality

question

With regard to relationships with families, the early childhood professional should understand that

answer

the most effective programs for young children are those that involve their families.

question

When parents feel heard by teachers, they

answer

usually listen to teachers' answers and explanations in return.

question

When four preschoolers pretend to go to the hospital, with two children acting as patients, one as a nurse, and one as a doctor, they are engaged in ________ play.

answer

cooperative

question

Which of the following elements of Maria Montessori's approach to early childhood education is most accepted in the United States?

answer

educational materials for sensory learning experiences

question

Which of the following is typically not a role fulfilled by general early childhood classroom teachers?

answer

diagnosing learning disabilities

question

Which of the following early childhood positions typically requires additional course work or a degree beyond the bachelor's degree?

answer

school principal

question

Which of the following is an example of telegraphic speech?

answer

"No eat."

question

Which of the following activities is typical of the cognitive development level of infants and toddlers?

answer

repeatedly dropping a block to see what happens

question

Which of the following is the least important disposition for an Early Childhood Professional to have?

answer

creativity

question

Which of the following statements best describes the role of assessment in teaching infants and toddlers?

answer

Recording developmental milestones is an effective assessment method for infants and toddlers.

question

Which of the following child care center policies would be most effective in helping infants and toddlers resolve the trust vs. mistrust crisis?

answer

Establish continuity of care by assigning teachers to children.

question

Which of the following statements is the most accurate illustration of emotional development during the preschool years?

answer

Children are able to wait for their turn to participate in an activity.

question

Which of the following is not a feature of developmentally appropriate practice?

answer

homogeneous classrooms

question

Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of developmentally appropriate practice?

answer

It promotes the learning and development of each individual child.

question

Which of the following approaches for resolving a conflict between two children would likely work best for you as a teacher in the primary grades?

answer

modeling appropriate conversation and guiding the children to resolve their own conflict

question

Which of the following is a physical skill that a preschooler is likely to master?

answer

climbing up and down stairs

question

Which of the following statements does not describe a challenge to creating culturally appropriate environments?

answer

Cultural differences are impossible to detect without infringing on families' privacy.

question

Which of the following would be a successful strategy for designing an inclusive early childhood environment?

answer

Design an environment that is aesthetically pleasing and accessible to children with and without disabilities.

question

Which of the following best describes "parentese," a way of speaking to infants that is developmentally appropriate?

answer

exaggerated in rhythm and repetition, high-pitched, and slow in tempo

question

Which of the following strategies would help a teacher create an inclusive early childhood setting?

answer

using multisensory approaches to learning for all children

question

Which is not a factor that causes children to learn differently?

answer

hair color

question

Which of the following is not a feature of an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)?

answer

focused only on the needs of the child

question

Which of the following best describes an Individual Education Plan (IEP)?

answer

an educational plan stating goals and services for a child receiving special education

question

Which of the following terms is defined as the changes that are made in the educational setting to allow children with disabilities to participate fully?

answer

accommodations

question

Which of the following statements best describes an important consideration when teaching children with disabilities?

answer

The severity of the disability influences the degree to which special techniques or materials are needed.

question

Which of the following terms is defined as what outlines minimal qualifications for particular ECE programs?

answer

program standards

question

Which of the following is not an indicator of effective early childhood curriculum?

answer

Goals are clearly defined and kept securely confidential by the teacher.

question

Which of the following is a true statement regarding performance standards?

answer

Performance standards are closely related to children's grade level.

question

Which of the following terms is defined as what children should be able to do by a certain age?

answer

performance standards

question

Which of the following best describes the role of standards in the development of early childhood curriculum?

answer

Standards guide the development of curriculum.

question

Which of the following terms is defined as what students should know and be able to do in a particular discipline?

answer

content standards

question

Which of the following describes a key finding in recent curriculum studies funded by the federal government?

answer

Designing a research-based curriculum is important.

question

Which of the following is an appropriate focus for the curriculum in a setting for infants and toddlers?

answer

Which of the following is an appropriate focus for the curriculum in a setting for infants and toddlers?

question

Which of the following would not be an appropriate learning goal for a preschool nutrition curriculum?

answer

Understand the role of nutrients in digestion.

question

Which of the following full-day preschool schedules for physical activity would be effective in helping to prevent childhood obesity?

answer

four 15-minute periods of structured play and 60 minutes of unstructured play every day

question

Which of the following would not be an effective method for teaching children to ensure their own safety?

answer

memorization of safety warnings about what they should not do (e.g., "Don't cross the street alone." Or: "Don't run inside.")

question

Which of the following is not a limitation of using technology to communicate with families?

answer

the speed and scope of electronic communication

question

Which of the following would not be an appropriate strategy for a teacher to foster interaction among the school, the family, and the community?

answer

sharing confidential information with the local family counseling clinic in order to make a referral

question

Which of the following best describes a benefit of parent involvement in the early childhood setting?

answer

Parents gain hands-on experience with the curriculum that they can then apply at home.

question

Which of the following most closely describes how the perspective of parents differs from that of teachers?

answer

Parents need to be the best advocate for their child, whereas teachers must be objective and consider group needs.

question

Which policy does not influence Early Childhood Education?

answer

insurance

question

Which of the following is not a role of a professional educational organization?

answer

being a powerful special interest group that influences state and national education policy

question

Which of the following terms is defined as supported by scientific research and knowledge of how children learn and develop?

answer

evidence-based practices

question

Which of the following terms is defined as morals or guiding principles that influence decision making in a profession?

answer

ethics

question

Which of the following is true of cultural competence?

answer

Cultural competence is the ability to work effectively across cultural groups.

question

________ is one accepted term for an early childhood professional who provides care and education to small groups of children in the home.

answer

Child care provider

question

________ viewed the teacher's role as preparing the environment, observing children, demonstrating materials, and allowing natural exploration.

answer

Maria Montessori

question

________ is the basis for the Tools of the Mind curriculum.

answer

Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of learning

question

________ are typically associated with the reflexive phase of motor development.

answer

Infants

question

____ is defined as serving children who have been identified for special education services in classrooms with their typically developing peers.

answer

Inclusion

question

________ is the term for children with disabilities receiving the services and support appropriate to their individual needs entirely in the general classroom.

answer

Mainstreaming

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