Dr. Roberts Chemistry 122 Test Questions – Flashcards

Study of mater and it's interacton with other mater

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a set of general principles that describes the thinking of a scientist

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Observations,Hypotheisis, Experiments, and Theory

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Understanding chemistry and measurement helps us make proper choices about the world

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Mass is the same no matter what

weight is depentent on gravity

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Density = mass of substance

volume of substance

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mass of an object vs. it's volume

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Physics is the basis of chemistry.

Chemistry is the basis of biology.

Biology is the basis for psychology.

Psychology is the basis of sociology.

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D=; g; =;; g

;;;;;;; mL = cm³

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A ratio between density of a substance and the density of water.

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specific gravity = density of sample

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1.00 g/ml

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A measure of the quantity of material in an object

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Pure substance or mixtures

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A pure substance is one type of matter

A mixture is 2 or more pure substances

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Element is the simples because they are compused of one atom.

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Consist of a combination of two or more elements in the same ratio.

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Each horizontal row on the periodic table

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Each vertical column on the periodic table

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Alkali Metals

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Alkaline earth metals

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Halogens

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Noble gases

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Found on the left of the line except for hydrogen

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Found on the right of the line

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Found in the shaded boxes

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Proton - nucleus

Neutron - nucleus

Electron - outside nucleus

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Protons = + 1amu

Neutron = 0 1amu

Electron = - 0amu

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mass number - atomic number = neutrons

atomic number = protons and electrons

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Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.

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Mass reported on the periodic table is an average of naturally occuring isotopes.

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s orbitals for each s sublevel

p orbitals for each p sublevel

d orbitals for each d sublevel

f orbitals for each f sublevel

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s - 2 electrons

p - 6 electrons

d - 10 electrons

f = 14 electrons

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S is 3D spherical shape

The shape gives a high probability of locating an electron

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Shape of p is 3D dumbbell

This gives p a higher probability of finding an electron.

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They have opposite spins

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Periods = increase or decrease

Group = patteren of regular change

Period = increase of valence electrons w/ corresponding increase in protons

Group = atomic radius increases

period = increases

group = decreases

Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom

Convenient way to represent the valence electron.

2.00 x 10³⁰ kg    74 kgH   1000 gH

                     100 kg     1kgH

148 x 10³⁵

100                               = 1.48 x 10³³ gH

100 kelvins = 1 celsius unit

Beaker

Erlenmeyer Flask

Graduated Cylinder

Volumetric Flask