Flashcards Answers – Doula
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1. contractions of the uterus 2. softening, thinning & dilation of her cervix 3. breaking her membranes or the amniotic sac & the release of amniotic fluid (bag of waters) 4. rotation of baby's head & molding of baby's head to fit into mom's pelvis 5. Descent of baby -> out of uterus through birth canal to outside 6. birth of placenta
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The Labor Process
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1. the cervix softens 2. the position of the cervix changes 3. effacements ( the cervix thins and shortens) 4. the cervix dilates 5. baby's chin tucks to her/his chest and head rotates 6. baby descends
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6 ways labor progresses
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The shortening of the cervix to paper thin
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what is effacement
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percentages ->0% = no thinning/ shortening, 50% = half of former thickness, 100% = paper thin or centimeters -> 3-4 cm = 0% effaced, 2 cm = 50% effaced, less than 1 cm long = 80-90% effaced
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how is effacement measured
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how far above or below the mother's mid-pelvis the baby's head is
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define station
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the back of baby's head points toward the mother's front - position
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Occiput Anterior (OA)
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the back of baby's head points toward the mother's side - position
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Occiput Transverse (OT)
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the back of baby's head points toward the mother's back - position
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Occiput Posterior (OP)
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refers to the pard of baby (top of head, brow, face, butt, feet, shoulders) that will be born first
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presentation
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refers to the placement of the presenting part w/in the mother's pelvis
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position
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in centimeters and ranges from - 4 to +4, 0 = baby's head is right at mom's mid-pelvis, -1,2,3, or 4 = head is that # of cm above mid-pelvis & opposite for + 1,2,3, or 4
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how station is measured
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record start time and end time & to see how frequent subtract 2nd contraction start time from pervious contraction start time
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timing contraction
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the dilation stage- during which the cervix dilates completely - about 10 cm in diameter and contractions progress
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1st stage of labor
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the birthing stage in which baby is born
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2nd stage of labor
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the placenta/afterbirth is born
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3rd stage of labor
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1st time moms - 2cm 2nd or more moms - 4 cm
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during prelabor women dilate up to...
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often the result of an increase in hormone-like (prostaglandins) substances in the bloodstream that soften and thin the cervix and stimulate bowel activity *only valid if accompanied by other signs of labor*
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signs of labor - several soft bowel movements - accompanied by flu-like sick feelings
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may be associated w/ prostaglandin action and early contractions
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signs of labor - cramps ( similar to menstrual cramps) that come and go; the discomfort may extend to the thighs
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associated w/ thinning of the cervix *discharge after sex or pelvic exam is common; usually brownish*
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signs of prelabor - blood-tinged mucus discharge released from the vagina, often continues this through labor
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- accomplishes softening and thinning of the cervix, preparing the cervix to begin dilating - typically not painful but can be tiring / discouraging if they continue for several hours
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signs of prelabor- continuing non-progressive contractions
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- clear sign that cervix is opening is 10-12 contraction s that average 1 min in length, occur 5 or less mins apart, and are very painful or strong
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signs of labor- progressive contractions
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37-42 weeks
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labor typically begins between
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- often associated w/ rapid labor
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signs of labor - spontaneous breaking of the bags of water w/ a pop or gush of fluid followed by progressing contraction w/in hours
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she has had 12-15 consecutive contractions that: - last @ least 1 min - are 4-5 mins apart (or closer) - are strong enough that she mush use a breathing, relaxation , or attention-focusing ritual - are strong enough that she cannot be distracted from them
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mom should go to hospital/ birthing center when
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before going to birthing facility wait until contraction have been 4-5 mins apart and one min long for one hour
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411 or 511 rule
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cervix is opening to about 4-5 cm, this phase is signaled by progressing contractions
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Early Labor or the Latent Phase
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begins when cervix has dilated about 5 cm, cervix is thin and soft; contractions are closer and stronger; and lasts until cervical dilation reaches 8-9 cm
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Active Labor
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more than 1 min long and come every 3-4 mins; they are very intense/painful
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during active labor contractions are...
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-cervix dilates the last 1-2 cm - baby begins to descend - contraction s have reached maximum intensity
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Transitional Labor/ phase
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begins when cervix is fully dilated and ends w/ the birth of the baby; during this time baby rotates and descends through the vagina and is born
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Birthing/Second Stage
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1. resting 2. descent 3. the crowning and birth phase
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What are the 3 phases to the the birthing/second stage?
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within the 2nd stage of labor - it is a break in contractions for the uterus to catchup to baby's movement
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Resting phase
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within the 2nd stage of labor - is the longest of the 3 phases; the uterus resumes contracting strongly & the mom usually feels the strong urge to push
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Descent Phase
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begins when baby's head crowns and ends when baby is born
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Crowning and Birth Phase
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begins when baby is born and ends after the placenta/afterbirth is born *shortest stage of labor*
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Placental/ 3rd Stage of Labor
