Criminal Law Study Guide – Flashcards
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Homicide
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the killing of a human being by another human being
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Criminal Homicide
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the act of causing the death of another person without legal justification or excuse
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2nd Degree Murder
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killing done with malice w/o premeditation
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Voluntary Manslaughter
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A homicide in which the intent to kill was present in the mind of the offender, but malice was lacking. Most commonly used to describe homicides in which the offender was provoked or otherwise acted in the heat of passion.
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Negligent Homicide
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causing death through carelessness (i.e. vehicular homicide)
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Statutory Rape
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sexual intercourse with a girl who has not reached the age of consent (even if both parties participate willingly)
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Robbery
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the taking of property from a person's possession by using force or threats
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Aggravated Assault
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a reckless attack with intent to injure seriously (as with a deadly weapon)
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Burglary
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entering a building unlawfully with intent to commit a felony or to steal valuable property
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Forgery
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a copy that is represented as the original
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Vandalism
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deliberate and pointless destruction of public or private property
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Noncriminal Homicide
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killing that is justified
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1st Degree Murder
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killing that is premeditated, deliberate and done with malice
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Felony Murder
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killing that takes place during the commission of ceritian felonies
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Involuntary Manslaughter
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unintended killing. I.E playing with a gun
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Forcible Rape
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Without consent, by force or threat of force, or while victim is unconscious
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Sodomy
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a gereal word for an "unnatural" sex act or the crime committed by such act
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Simple Assault
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assault where no weapon is used and which does not result in serious injury to the victim
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Arson
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malicious burning to destroy property
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Embezzlement
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taking for one's own use in violation of trust; stealing (of money placed in one's care) i.e bernie madeoff
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Larceny
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the act of taking something from someone unlawfully
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Criminal Negligence
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Behavior in which a person fails to reasonably perceive substantial and unjustifiable risks of dangerous consequences.
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strict liability
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responsibility of a seller or manufacturer for any defective product unduly threatening personal safety
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Entrapment
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a defense that claims the defendant would not have broken the law if not tricked into doing it by law enforcement officials
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Renunciation
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rejecting or disowning or disclaiming as invalid
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Infancy
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kids 16 and under
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Duress
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force or threats to make someone do something
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Accessory Before
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a person who orders a crime
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Accessory After
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Helping a person to escape arrest or capture.
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Accomplice
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a person who takes part in a crime
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Aggravating Factors
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circumstances surrounding a crime that heightens its seriousness for purposes of sentencing.
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Mitigating Factors
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help reduce sentence
