Confessional Poetry
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Schwartz
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parents were jewish immigrants
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Schwartz
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mother had surgery to correct her inability to have children; was a beauty
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Schwartz
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manic depression; unhealthy; alcohol and pills; institutionalized; massive heart attack from drug use; body laid unclaimed for days
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Schwartz
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married gertrude buckman in 1938; divored in 1944
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Schwartz
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father of confessional poetry
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Schwartz
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dad tried to buy him for $75,000; always thought he would inherit money; died in 1930
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Schwartz
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parents divorced in 1923
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Schwartz
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born December 1913 in New York; died July 1966
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Schwartz
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taught at Harvard until 1947, Princeton, Indiana School, University of Chicago, UCLA, and Syracruse
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Berryman
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born October 1914 to January 1972
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Schwartz
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Awards: Fulbright, Lecturer at Library of Congress on TS Eliot, Modern Poetry, Youngest Ever to win Bolligen Prize, National Arts and Letters Awards
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Schwartz
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jewish middle class, immigrant and american experience, influenced by Marx and Freud, one of the most conscious and self aware writers in American Literature
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Schwartz
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Edited for: Perspectives USA, Partisan Review, Diogenes, New Directions, The New Republic
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Berryman
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raised in Oklahoma; moved at the age of 10
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Lowell
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Poet Laureate 1947-48 Pulitzer Prize 1947, 1974 National Book Award 1960 National Book Critics Award 1977
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Schwartz
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first major publication- \"In Dreams Begin Responsibilities\" title taken from Yeats Poem
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Berryman
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National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize in Poetry for \"Dream Songs\"; Bollingen Prize
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Berryman
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father killed himself with a shotgun outside Berryman's window when he was 12; wiped out his childhood
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Berryman
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mother remarried another banker and moved the family to NYC
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Berryman
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took his stepfather's name even though his mother divorced him eventually
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Lowell
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attended prep school, Harvard, Kenyon College in Ohio, LSU
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Berryman
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affected an English accent for the rest of his life after visiting cambridge for school
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Berryman
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wrote his \"dream songs\" about schwartz
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Berryman
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met Snodgrass, Justice, and Levine; all writers influenced each others works and peer edited
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Berryman
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married Eileen Simpson second marriage had one son third marriage in late life and had 2 daughters
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Berryman
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taught at University of Iowa, Harvard, University of Minnesota
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Schwartz
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thought his name showed how out of touch his parents were with American society
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Berryman
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January 7, 1972: alcoholism, drug addictions, manic depressive; killed himself by jumping off a bridge
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Schwartz
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father was a womanizer
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Schwartz
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young prodigy: first major work published in 1939 at age 24
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Berryman
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Studied at Prep School in connecticut, columbia college, and clare college in Cambridge over seas
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Lowell
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march 1917 to September 1977 in Boston, Mass
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Schwartz
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friends with Berryman and Lowell; all were competitive and felt that they had a generative life first generation to work many jobs and teach and have freedom of divorcing; philosophical works
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Lowell
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one of the founders of confessional poetry movement
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Lowell
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Boston Brahmin family: amy and james
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Lowell
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signed the US constitution
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Lowell
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converted to catholicism from episcopalian; also left the catholic church
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Berryman
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father is a banker; mother is a schoolteacher
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Lowell
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commanding officer in WWII
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Lowell
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served jail time
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Lowell
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taught at Iowa's workshop, Boston University: students were slyvia plath and anne sexton, Univ of Cincinnati, Yale, Harvard, and New School for Research
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Lowell
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part of the Civil rights movement and anti war movement in 1960s
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Lowell
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1967 best known poet and appeared on the cover of Time Magazine
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Lowell
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Married Jean Stafford, Elizabeth Hardwick- one daughter, Lady Caroline Blackwood- one son and daughter
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Lowell
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well known manic depression
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Sexton
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wrote children's books and plays
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Sexton
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late in life, performed poetry to music briefly modeled
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Sexton
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friend of Plath
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Sexton
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student of Robert Lowell and John Holmes
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Sexton
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Snograss was her mentor
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Sexton
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Roman Catholic
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Plath
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October 1932 to Feb 1963; born in great depression in Boston
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Sexton
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spent most of childhood in Boston
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Sexton
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wealthy enough that attended boarding school
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Sexton
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married Alfred Sexton (Cayo) in 1948; two daughters that also write; divorced several years before her death ATTENDED COLGATE
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Sexton
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first manic episode in 1954; second breakdown in 1955
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Sexton
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won Pulitzer in 1967
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Sexton
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first female member of Harvard chapter of Phi Beta Kappa
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Sexton
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fellow of the Royal Society of Literature
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Plath
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first suicide attempt in 1953- under the house for 3 days, went to McLean Hospital to get electroshock treatments; ended up killing herself after all the affairs
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Sexton
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came back from lunch with Maxine Kumin and they had been editing a story that he/she didnt want published until after death. put on the mother's coat, took of rings, drank vodka, locked in garage. Carbon monoxide poisoning
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Sexton
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Diane Middlebrook used her therapist tapes for a biography. Also had an affair with 2nd therapist which may have prompted this writer's suicide
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Sexton
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November 1928 in Newton, Mass died Oct 1974 in Weston, Mass
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Plath
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poet, novelist, and short story writer
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Plath
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father from Germany- taught biology and german at Boston university; parents wanted him to be a Lutheran minister
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Plath
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mother was austrian (first generation); 21 years younger than her husband
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Plath
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had one brother
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Plath
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published first poem at 8; father died a week and a half after her 8th birthday because of untreated diabetes; may have had lung cancer
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Plath
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won awards for paintings
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Plath
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raised as a Unitarian
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Plath
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connected her father's death with her loss of faith; ambivalent about religion the rest of her life
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Plath
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mother moved children away from the place they considered home
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Plath
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graduated high school in 1950; attended smith college until 1955
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Plath
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taught at smith college
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Plath
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spent a year in NYC, Fulbright scholarship to Newman College Cambridge, moved to the US in 1957 and to the UK in 1959
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Plath
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Married Ted Hughes in 1956 then moved to the US (Boston 1958); 2 children- Frieda (poet) and Nicolas (killed himself); Ted had affairs so they divorced
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Sexton
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\"the truth the dead know\"
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Plath
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first poet to win Pulitzer after death in 1981
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Plath
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The Bell Jar- rejected by the Harvard Writing Seminar
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Sexton
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writes about intimate details of her private life, lives of children, marriage, and various affairs; wrote about sexuality, bodily functions, abortion, adultery; took away taboos of a woman's body
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Sexton
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confessional, suicidal attempts, mental health, depression, isolation, and despair
