computers chapter 3
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data
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a representation of a fact, figure, or an idea
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information
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data that has been organized or presented in a meaningful fashion
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binary language
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computer language consisting of 0's and 1's only
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byte
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string of 8 binary digits to create a certain character on the computer
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hardware
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any part of the computer you can physically touch
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software
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the set of computer programs that enables the hardware to preform different tasks
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optical mouse
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wireless mouse that sends signals to your computer
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output device
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lets you send processed data out of your computer in the form of text, pictures, sounds, and video
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LCD
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liquid crystal displays
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LED
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light-emitting diode
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legacy technology
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computing devices that use techniques, parts, and methods that are no longer popular
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pixels
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millions of tiny dots that make up monitor screens
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aspect ratio
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the width-to-height proportion of a monitor
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nonimpact printer
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printer sprays ink or uses laser beams to transfer marks onto paper
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impact printer
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has tiny hammer-like keys that strike the paper through an inked ribbon to make marks on the paper
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plotter
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prints oversize pictures that require the drawing of precise and continuos lines, such as maps and architectural plans
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thermal printer
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works either by melting wax-based ink onto ordinary paper or by burning dots onto specially coated paper
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expansion cards
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circuit boards that provide additional functionality
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sound card
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provides a connection for the speakers and microphone
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video card
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provides a connection for the monitor
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network interface card
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enables your computer to connect with other computers or to a cable modem to facillitate a high-speed internet connection
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random access memory
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the place in a computer where the programs and data the computer is currently using are stored
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read-only memory
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holds all the instructions the computer needs to start up when it is powered on
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central processing unit
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it controls all the functions performed by the computers other components and processes all the commands issued by software instructions
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gigahertz
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billions of machine cycles per second
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connectivity port
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can give you access to networks and the internet
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ethernet port
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used to connect a computer to a DSL or cable modem or to a network
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ergonomics
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the science that deals with the design and location of machines and furniture so that th people using them aren't subjected to an uncomfortable or unsafe experience
