CompSci111- Final exam Review – Flashcards
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The -----------------------is the main circuit board of the computer.
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motherboard
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----------------include basic calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication , and division.
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Arithmetic operations
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In the machine cycle, the -------------operation obtains a program or application instruction or data item from memory,
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Fetching
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A dual-core processor doubles the processing speed of a single-core processor.
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False
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The system clock keeps track of the date and time in a computer.
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False
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Most of RAM is nonvolatile.
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False
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As with processors, manufacturers state the clock speed for a bus in hertz.
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True
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What are the four operations performed during the machine cycle ?
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Step one involves getting instruction data from memory. Step two decodes the data to commands that it can understand. Step three executes those commands and step four writes the result to the memory.
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what is the binary system ?
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Binary is a language a computer can read consisting of two symbols, 0 and 1. A combination of these two symbols creates a sequence or code which allows the computer to read and configure information.
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How do volatile and nonvolatile memory differ ?
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Non volatile memory does not require a connection to a power source in order to retain information. However, a volatile memory needs a source of power to retain information, otherwise it loses any information stored in it.
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What is the definition of command?
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an instruction that causes a program or app to perform a specific action
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What is the definition of software?
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a series of related instructions that tells a computer or mobile device the tasks to perform and how to perform them
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What term refers to the process of entering input by speaking into a microphone?
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voice input
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Retail and grocery stores use which kind of bar code?
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UPC (Universal Product Code)
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Which of the following reads the magnetic stripe on the back of credit cards, entertainment cards, bank cards, and other similar cards?
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Magstripe reader
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Many mobile computers and mobile devices use LCD monitors. What does LCD stand for?
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liquid crystal display
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RFID requires line-of-site transmission.
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False
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When a bank receives a check for payment, it uses an OCR inscriber to print the amount of the check in OCR characters in the lower-right corner.
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False
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Computers process information (output) into data (input).
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False
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Pixel pitch describes the difference in light intensity between the brightest white and the darkest black that can be displayed on an LCD monitor.
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False
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of a hard disk?
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write-protect notch
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A group of two or more integrated hard disks is referred to as which of the following?
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RAID
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Which of the following storage devices typically has the fastest transfer rate?
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RAM
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Which of the following storage devices typically stores the operating system?
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Hard disk/ SSD
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Which of the following kinds of devices are servers connected to a network with the sole purpose of providing storage?
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NAS
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Which of the following is the largest from among the following?
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YB
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Reading is the process of transferring data, instructions, and information from memory to a storage medium
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False
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Writing is the process of transferring data, instructions, and information from a storage medium into memory.
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False
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When storage devices write data on storage media, they are creating input.
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False
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When a user issues a command to run an application, the operating system locates the application in memory and loads it into storage.
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False
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In an interface like the one shown in the accompanying figure, a user types commands or presses special keys on the keyboard (such as function keys or key combinations) to enter data and instructions. What is the term for this kind of interface?
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Command line interface
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In this kind of memory, the operating system allocates a portion of a storage medium, usually the hard disk or a USB flash drive, to function as additional RAM. What kind of memory is this?
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Virtual
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What is the term for the process of swapping items between memory and storage ?
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Paging
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What program is used to start and shut down a computer or mobile device, provide a user interface, manage programs and memory, and provide file management, among other functions
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An operating system
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What does the booting process do?
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starts or restarts the computer
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What is the purpose of memory management?
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to optimize the use of RAM
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The nexus is the core of an operating system that manages memory and devices
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False
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Some parts of the operating system are resident; that is, these instructions remain on the hard disk until they are needed.
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False
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In addition to managing applications, an operating system manages other processes.
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true
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To set up a virtual machine, you need software that can set up a virtual machine, as well as installation media for the operating system you wish to install in the virtual machine.
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true
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Which of the following is a communications device that connects multiple computers together and transmits data to its correct destination on a network?
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router
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Which of the following terms is the time it takes a signal to travel from one location to another on a network?
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latency
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Which of the following statements is not true of peer-to-peer networks?
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The network operating system is stored on a network server
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What is the definition of a protocol, as it applies to networks?
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a standard that outlines characteristics of how two network devices communicate
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What is the purpose of hubs and switches?
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to provide a central point for cables in a network
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As shown in the accompanying figure, what is the term for a network that covers a large geographic area, such as a city, country, or the world, using a variety of wired and wireless transmission media?
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wide area network (WAN)
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As data moves through a network from one program to another, it can use at most one kind of network standard.
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False
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On a token ring network, a packet is a special series of bits that function like a ticket, allowing the device with the packet to transmit data over the network.
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False
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With TCP/IP, each packet contains data as well as the recipient (destination), origin (sender), and the sequence information used to reassemble the data at the destination.
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True
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IP hijacking is one of the largest Internet security threats
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True
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Which of the following is a set of hardware, software, data, people, and procedures that work together to produce information?
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information system
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What type of information is error free?
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accurate
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Which of the following integrates MRP II with the information flow across an organization to manage and coordinate the ongoing activities of the enterprise?
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Enterprise Resource Planning
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Which of the following is NOT a type of report that a management information system creates?
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activity
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Which of the following is your job description as a technical project manager?
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guides design, development, and maintenance tasks; serves as interface between programmers/developers and management
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What does a Project Management Professional (PMP) test evaluate?
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knowledge of tasks required during system development
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Obtaining an advanced certification in networking implies that you have achieved a standard of competence, enabling you to address the complex issues that arise when planning, installing, managing, and troubleshooting an operating system
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False
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Information literacy prepares students, employees, and citizens to manage information so that they can be knowledgeable decision makers.
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True
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It is good practice to back up and wipe all data before turning over your computer or device to an IT or computer repair technician.
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true
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A typical enterprise consists of a wide variety of departments, centers, and divisions — collectively known as functional units.
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true
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directs and coordinates most of the operations in a computer
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control unit
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performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations
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arithmetic logic unit
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controls the timing of all computer operations in GHz
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system clock
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continuous signals that vary in strength and quality
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analog
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on or off signals
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digital
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consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data
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Memory
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speeds the processes of the computer bc it frequently stores used intructions and data
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memory cache
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amount of time it takes a processor to read from memory
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access time
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enhances functions of a component a desktop or server system unit and or provides connections to peripherals
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adapter card
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socket on a desktop or server motherboard that can hold an adapter card
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expansion slot
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allows the various devices inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with one another yo
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bus
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hardware thaat records and retrieves items to and from storage media
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storage device
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redundant array of independent disks- two or more integrated hard disks
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RAID
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- server that is placed on a network with the sole purpose of providing storage to users computera nd devives across network
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NAS-network attached storage
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high speed network with purpose of providing storage to other attached servers
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san- storage area network
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set of programs that coordinate all activities among computer
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OS- operating sys
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controls how u enter data and how its displayed
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user interface
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portion of a storage medium functioning as additional ram
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virtual memory
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is a small prog. that tells the op sys how to communicate with a specific device
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driver
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collection of computer devices connected together
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network
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devices connected in limited geographical area
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LAN
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lan that is wireless
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WLAN
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network that covers large geographical area
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WAN
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connects devices in an individuals workplace with wired and wireless tech
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PAN
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is a network protocal that defines how mesages are routed from one end of a network to another
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TCP IP
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standard specifies that computers on a netwrk share or pass a special signal
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token ring
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network standard that specifies no central computer or device on the network (nodes) should control when data can be transmitted
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thernet
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any type of hardware capable of transmitting data, instructions, and information between a sending device and a receiving device
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communication device
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Amount of data that can flow through the network at one time
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bandwidth
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media transmits multiple signals simultaneously
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broadband
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transaction processing system
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TPS
