Comm 109 Exam 2 - Flashcards

Q: there are many reasons why a person may have a negative attitude toward public speaking. one of the most frequently mentioned is

\"I don\'t have anything worthwhile to speak about\"

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there are many reasons why a person may have a negative attitude toward public speaking. one of the most frequently mentioned is

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"I don't have anything worthwhile to speak about"

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Included among the guidelines for topic selection is selecting a topic

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that is familiar and interesting to you

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which of the following is an example of an effective way to state a specific purpose

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to persuade the audience that the Internet has three positive effects on society

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according to the text, which of the following is a technique for selecting a topic?

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accessing The Readers Guide to Periodical Literature

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which of the following is a correct specific purpose statement for an informative speech on typewriters

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to inform my audience of the four steps in the evolution of the standard typewriter keyboard

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if you adapt your speech to the occupational and educational level of your audience, you are employing what kind of audience analysis

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demographic

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in differentiating between captive and voluntary participants, it is important to remember that captive participants

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may resist participation

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the most important factor that contributes to an effective speech presentation is

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selecting an appropriate topic

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which method of analyzing audiences is typically the most time consuming?

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survey interviews

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"To persuade my audience to purchase Honda Accords," is an example of

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a general purpose

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the education of the audience is part of the

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demographic analysis

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for speaking events that occur outside of a classroom, the general purpose is usually determined by

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the occasion

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the goal of an informative speech is to

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share information clearly and accurately

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which of the following is a thesis statement

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the three styles of architecture that will be prevalent in the 1900s are post-traditional, Euro-deco, and continental

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when using current media, beginning speakers are cautioned to

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avoid relying on the media for the entire speech

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an effective specific purpose identifies

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the general purpose of the speech, the audience, and the exact topic to be covered

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what is most clearly wrong with the following specific purpose: "Buying a pet"?

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it is not concise and carefully worded

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which of the following best illustrates the notion of bias in a website consulted to find information on carcinogenic substances

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a specific study sponsored by a corporation

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Of the following speech topics, which is most appropriate for a seven minute informative speech

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the three effects of video games on children

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of the following speech topics, which Is most appropriate for a seven minute speech

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Carbon dioxide emissions

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audience analysis includes

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a demographic analysis

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effective specific purpose statements identify the topic to be covered, the audience and

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whether or not the speech is informative, persuasive, or entertaining

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GTM corporation required all managers to attend a workshop on communication skills in the workplace. In this situation, the audience would be considered

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captive

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Ali made a presentation to volunteers of the local Abuse Crisis center on empathetic listening. The audience in this situation would be considered

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voluntary

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common methods of audience research include which of the following methods

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survey interviews

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developing a questionnaire is a difficult task, especially for beginners. according to your text, which of the following is a guideline for constructing a useful questionnaire?

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Keep the questionnaire as brief as possible

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demographic analysis is a useful tool for understanding and analyzing your potential speaking audience. according to your text, which of the following variables are culturally determined

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attitudes

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you have grown up playing videogames. in fact, you often joke with your friends that Nintendo did more to raise you than your parents. Because of this "expertise," you decide to give a speech on the history of Nintendo to your class for your persuasive speech. Which of the following criteria for the appropriateness of a topic is not met with your proposed speech?

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will the topic meet the objectives of the assignment?

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the Internet can be a valuable resource for information and a useful resource in researching your speech. the ability of individuals to author material on the Internet is a double-edged sword, however. According to your text, when evaluating Internet information, what question should you first ask of the source?

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Who is the author or producer?

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which of the following statements is the best thesis statement?

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Disk golf in an inexpensive, easy to learn, and therapeutic sport.

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According to most college professors and professional speakers, every ten minutes of speaking time requires at least how many hours of research and presentation time?

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10 hours

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__________ are an effective means of gaining up-to-date information from people who have specialized knowledge of your topic

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interviews

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a critical step in the interview process includes

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choosing the interviewee

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which of the following is not a criterion for evaluating information on websites

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links

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telling my audience, "According to the communication scholar Mehrabian, nonverbal communication is important to observe in classroom settings," is an example of using

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expert opinion

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"in 1979, petroleum and natural gas contributed 67 percent of the total energy, while coal supplied only 30 percent. electrical power increased from a negligible amount in 1900 to about 500 watts per person." the type of support material used in this example is

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statistics

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which of the following is an example of an analogy

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"Feedback is to communication what the thermostat is to the furnace"

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"Imagine that you are in a situation where an angry mob has accused a friend of yours of a serious crime and they are going to hang him because they believe your friend is guilty even though he isn't. your only chance to save your friend is to convince the unruly mob of your friend's innocence." this is best described as

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a hypothetical illustration

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when Martin Luther King, in his famous "I Have a Dream" speech, repeated the statement "I have a dream that one day" six times, but each time he repeated the statement he provided a different example, he was using

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restatement

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the function indicator ".com" of a URL indicates that the purpose of the website is

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to promote and sell products, or provide current news and information

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the function indicator ".edu" of a URL indicates that the purpose of the website is

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to provide factual information and explanations

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which of the following are suggestions for doing research

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take notes

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an important first task that speakers should accomplish before writing interview questions and prior to conducting an interview is to

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research the topic

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according to the text, which of the following is an appropriate source of information one can use when researching a speech topic?

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yourself

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the difference between a mediocre speech and a good speech is found

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in the speaker's ability to use supporting materials correctly

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in court cases, psychologists are often asked to provide what type of supporting information

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testimony

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when giving a speech about the benefits of eating a particular brand of breakfast cereal, the most reliable and neutral expert opinion would come from

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a nutritionist

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an important difference between websites and print sources such as journals and periodicals is that

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websites do not undergo the same evaluation and review process that print sources go through

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Tony, an international student, wanted to give an informative speech on his home country and culture, the best source of information for Tony would be

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his personal experience

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you realize that having another person's point of view or opinion for your speech would make your speech more interesting. the best source of information to consult to find that information would be

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an interview

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statistics enable speakers

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to analyze specific occurrences or instances

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which of the following is a suggestion for using statistics

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make sure statistics are from neutral sources

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one suggestion for using testimony is to

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use testimony when you need additional supporting information

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according to Aristotle, every speech has essentially which two parts

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a statement and its proof

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the advantage of using testimony in a speech is that it usually adds _______ to what the speaker is saying

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trustworthiness

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which of the following sources provide the most recently available information for speech writing

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weekly magazines and research journals

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"selective admission is when a university does not admit a student unless he/she scores at least a 20 on the ACT test." this statement is an example of what type of definition?

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operational definition

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"when i use the phrase 'race baiting,' i refer to the usage of any phrase with a historical background rooted in racial fears to induce current racist sentiment." this statement is an example of what type of definition?

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definition by example

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when using statistics, you should always remember to

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use neutral sources

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the major difference between a ".com" site and a ".net" site is

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the ".net" site is more likely to provide entertainment

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the best pattern of organization for a speech explaining how to make a wedding cake would likely be

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time-sequence

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if a speaker says, "we have considered the lack of an adequate number of highways in the United States; now let us turn to consider the safety of those highways," the speaker is using a

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transition

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As a speaker, you would know that the type of organizational pattern illustrates in the above outline is a

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topical pattern

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Effective main points include which of the following elements?

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vivid language

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The number of main points in your speech will depend on

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the complexity of the supporting materials required for each point

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the most effective order for a presentation depends on

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the topic, the purpose, and the audience

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types of daycare facilities in the workplace, types of tsunamis, and types of flu vaccines are all ideas that could be addressed using which organizational pattern?

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topical pattern

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"you should keep the four items i have discussed in mind in order to accept the following conclusion..." this is an example of

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a transition

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which of the following organizational patterns are most likely to be used when none of the other organizational patterns can be applied to the purpose of a speech

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the topical pattern

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an introduction to a speech includes

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motivating your audience to listen

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the primary function of the introduction of a speech is

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orienting the audience to the subject and motivating them to listen

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the conclusion of a speech should

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reinforce what you want your audience to remember

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"Let me first illustrate" and "as you look at my chart" are examples of

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signposts

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an effective way to help your audience follow along with you is to use

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internal summaries

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which strategy gains attention and arouses the interest of an audience

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asking rhetorical questions

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letting the audience know when you will cover in the speech is referred to as

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forecasting

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the functions of your main points are to provide principal subdivisions of your speech and to

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define your thesis statement

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which sequence describes the best way to approach outlining a speech

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begin with a preliminary outline, and then create a full-content outline, followed by a presentational outline

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when presenting the main points, you should be specific, use vivid language, and

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show relevance

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when determining the number of main points in your speech, you should consider the time available, the content to be covered, and

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the amount of information the audience can reasonably comprehend

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which of the following is NOT a guideline for constructing a speech conclusion

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let the audience tie everything together

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during an informative speech an internal summary would go at the end of

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a main point

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the type of outline that provides a detailed skeleton of the speech including main points written as complete sentences is called the

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full-sentence outline

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the chronological organizational pattern is especially useful for

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tracing the relationships within a series of events

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when using presentational note cards, you should always remember to

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use abbreviations as much as possible

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which of the following statements is a guideline for avoiding plagiarism in a speech

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whenever information is not your own, you should cite the originator of the idea

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according to the text, ethical speakers

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always cite the sources of their information

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the advantages of manuscript delivery include

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accuracy and preciseness

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suppose you were at a wedding reception and were asked to give a congratulatory speech to the bride and groom with no prior notice. you would be giving a(n)

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impromptu speech

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when you are giving a political speech where every word needs to be stated very carefully, the best delivery method would be

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manuscript

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although she prepared well in advance for her speaking assignment, Becky's high-pitched squeaky voice became a distraction for her fellow classmates. in this example, Becky is struggling with

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vocal quality

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which of the following statements accurately describes the relationships among the speaker, the audience, and speech anxiety?

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speakers who have speech anxiety often overestimate how much the audience notices their behavior

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according to the text, speech anxiety is often created by

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fear of social inadequacy

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the key to successful control of speech anxiety is

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the desire to control it

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which of the following guidelines will not help reduce your speech anxiety

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focus on what other students have done wrong in their speeches

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the rate at which a speaker speaks is usually between

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120 and 150 words per minute

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when polishing your delivery you should

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use slightly different wordings each time you practice your speech (unless the speech is supposed to be memorized)

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which of the following statements is most accurate about plagiarism

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plagiarism is when you use another person's ideas in such a way as to make it appear as if they are your own ideas

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which of the following statements is true concerning the various methods of presenting visual aids?

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use graphs mainly to display statistics

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which term refers to a technique designed to reduce the tenseness associated with speech anxiety by helping speakers develop a new, relaxed response to the anxiety-provoking event

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systematic desensitization

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toasts, acceptance speeches, and introductions typically call for which type of delivery

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memorized

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when learning how to give a speech, manuscript delivery is often discouraged because it

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invites the speaker to concentrate more on the script than on the audience

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which of the following statements is a clear advantage of presenting bar graphs during a speech

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bar graphs are an excellent way to show comparisons of complex data

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Arleen has a clear and distinct voice. she also says her word-endings, never mumbling her words. according to the text, we would say that Arleen is doing a good job with

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intelligibility

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when displaying the actual object is not practical, the next best visual aid choice to consider using is a

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model

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which form of delivery provides the advantage of allowing the speaker to focus more on the delivery itself, rather than on what is being said

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memorized delivery

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Maya Angelou helps your textbook authors make the point that effective preparation involves

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planning and practicing the presentation

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which statement accurately portrays the relationship between the speaker's voice and the speaker's delivery

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vocal quality is a highly accurate indicator of the presenter's sincerity

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vocal variety includes which of the following elements

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the speaker's use of pauses

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what is the most likely cause of severe speech anxiety

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hearing that presentational speaking is a horrible experience

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the delivery style that gives you more control than the impromptu method yet does not require you to construct a manuscript is called

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extemporaneous delivery

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line graphs are particularly well suited for

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clarifying comparative data over time

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using computer-generated visual aids is a very helpful presentational device. however, beginning speakers use computer-generated visual aids erroneously in a few ways. which of the following is a guideline for effectively using computer-generated visual aids

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don't overdo the computer-generated graphics.

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which form of visual aid serves best to display comparative information

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bar graph

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the presidents state of union address is a good example of which type of delivery

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manuscript

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when a real estate agents tells you how to distinguish between a good investment and a bad one with the motive to sell, the agent's goal is

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persuasion

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guidelines for choosing an informative speech topic include which of the following statements

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chose a topic that is important to you

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when a student giving a speech on solar energy explains how it affects us personally, he or she is using which technique for gaining audience attention

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information relevance

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when Elisa gave her speech, she repeated her main argument to help her audience's comprehension. she was using which organizational technique

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planned repetition

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which statement accurately reflects the distinction between informative and persuasive speaking

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the goals of the speaker distinguishes the two forms of speaking

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successful speakers consider their audiences by

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communicating clearly and accurately

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speeches about processes generally serve which two purposes

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to increase understanding and to teach the audience how to do something

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information relevance refers to the

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audience's need for the speaker's information

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the general goal of an informative speech is to

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increase the knowledge of the audience

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"to inform my listeners about the benefits of a Green Lifestyle," and "to help my listeners the differences between social aggression and bullying" are two examples of what type of speech topic

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concepts

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two hints for effective informative speaking are

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avoid assumptions and personalize information

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which of the following are criteria used to evaluate an informative speech

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supporting materials supply documented evidence that what the speaker is saying is accurate and credible

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the statements "two points are critical here" and "the following information is essential" reflect what type of organizational technique used in aiding listeners' understanding

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advance organizers

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which of the following is most likely to be an antonym for the word "boring"

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exciting

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the specific purpose of Brent's speech is "To inform the audience about the circumstances leading up to the earthquake in Haiti." Brent's speech is about a(n)

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event

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the specific purpose of Madison's speech is "To inform the audience about the three common misconceptions associated with capitalism." Madison's speech is about a(n)

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concept

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In her speech on communication apprehension, Angela states that communication apprehension is a trait or global anxiety, whereas speech anxiety is a state or situational anxiety. Angela is using what method to clearly define communication apprehension for her audience?

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contrast definition

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choosing language carefully for an informative speech involves

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matching your level of language to the knowledge your audience already possesses

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if you are trying to teach someone a skill like performing CPR, using a computer program, or playing a card game, you need to present the information in the proper sequence and

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present the information in small amounts of time

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In describing a communicative extrovert, Josh uses the phrases "willingness to talk openly" and "uninhibited speech" to help the audience understand the behaviors of an extrovert. in other words, John was using what type of definition

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synonyms

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your textbook points out that those individuals who control information have a great deal of

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power

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the percentage of people who now hold jobs related to the management of information has jumped from 17 percent in the 1950s to _______ today

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75 percent

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which of the following guidelines helps speakers avoid making assumptions in an informative speech?

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if you believe that a majority of your audience already knows what you mean, acknowledge that in your introduction to the topic

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a speaker can increase the audience's understanding by

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using concrete words

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the key to using descriptors in an informative speech is that they must

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relate to the listeners' experiences

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a strategy where you explain the meaning of something and show how it is different from something else is called a(n)

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contrast definition

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Kane is doing a presentation on the classical origins of the word 'rhetoric.' because many people incorrectly assume 'rhetoric' is a negative characterization of public speaking, Kane wanted to provide the classical origin of the meaning of this word. he consulted a specialized dictionary which traced the origin of the word. in this example, Kane is using a(n)

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etymology

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which of the following components of delivery helps a speaker clarify his or her thoughts most effectively

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facial expressions

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"cyberwar is a potential threat to America's security, both physically and psychologically." this thesis statement is most likely for a speech about a(n)

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concept

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