Columbia College Psychology 101 Quiz 5 – Flashcards
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Motives are described as hypothetical states because
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They cannot be seen or measured directly
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Good grades serve as a (n) ________ for studying
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Incentive
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A high need for achievement would drive a person to
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Work hard
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unlearned responses, genetically transmitted behaviors, and species-specific responses are all indicative of
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Instinctual behavior
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According to William James, humans have instincts that foster
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Survival and social behavior
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Drive-reduction theory defines hunger, pain, and thirst as
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Primary drives
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The tendency toward homeostasis or a steady state would cause
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A tired person to sleep
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__________ theories suggest that needs create a state of tension and that behavior relieves that tension and returns the organism to a calm, resting state.
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Drive-reduction
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According to stimulus motives, if a person is bored they will be motivated to
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Seek stimulation
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An individual exhibiting sympathetic arousal and concern about danger is likely to be experiencing
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Fear
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Reasonably stable patterns of actions, feelings, and motives are referred to as
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Personality
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Sigmund Freud was the first to develop a __________ theory of personality.
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Psychoanalytic
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The removal of anxiety-provoking ideas from awareness is called
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Repression
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Frank tended to drive recklessly because he enjoyed it. He had received several traffic tickets and had even been in car accidents. Freud would likely say that Frank's actions are based upon which psychic structure?
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id
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A fixation can occur during a psychosexual stage of development if there is
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Either too little or too much gratification
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Eysenck referred to emotional instability as
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Neuroticism
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A practical application of trait theories is
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Hiring employees most likely to succeed
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Nicholas develops a new assessment tool to measure the personality factor "extraversion." He finds that individuals who take the test repeatedly tend to score similarly each time. To what dimension of assessment does this refer?
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Reliability
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Joshua developed an assessment tool to determine a person's level of depression. However, upon repeated trials, he comes to find that the test is actually a better measure of self-esteem. Joshua's depression measure is not very ________.
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Valid
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A test is given to a large number of people, and the responses are analyzed to determine typical responses. This process is referred to as
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Standardization
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The study of motivation is an attempt to understand _________ a behavior occurs.
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Why
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One child takes great pride in academic accomplishments. Another child takes great pride in pleasing her parents. These are examples of the influence of __________ on psychological needs.
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Learning
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Pain avoidance is a response to
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A primary drive
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A prisoner is punished with solitary confinement. This punishment consists of the deprivation of a need for
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Stimulation
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Social-cognitive theory differs from behaviorism in that social-cognitive theory argues that
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People influence their environment
