question

The main purpose of the "G.I. Bill of Rights" (Serviceman's Readjustment Act of 1944) was to

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give veterans help in starting businesses or paying for educational expenses

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The accumulation of war bonds during World War II, coupled with the scarcity of consumer goods at the end of the war, led to

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inflation

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President Truman's program of reform was called

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the Fair Deal

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Several of Truman's Fair Deal goals were opposed by

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Southern conservatives

question

"Right-to-work" laws require the

answer

open shop

question

The new community of Levittown was representative of what post-war trend in the United States?

answer

Suburbanization

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What was the name of the artistic movement that emerged during the post-World War II period in which artists attempted to convey their emotions and attitudes by using random techniques that produced nonrealistic forms and images?

answer

Abstract Expressionism

question

Who was the first African-American to play on a major league baseball team in modern times?

answer

Jackie Robinson

question

What political group was formed to challenge the Democrats in 1948 as a result of the Democrats' embrace of civil rights for African-Americans?

answer

Dixiecrats

question

The 1948 presidential election is most remembered for

answer

an inaccurate newspaper headline that declared Dewey the winner

question

After World War II, Stalin claimed that the Soviet Union needed buffer states to protect itself from hostile nations. Which action on the part of hostile nations did the Soviets give as proof that buffer states were needed?

answer

The German invasion of 1941

question

The numerous post-war uprisings in which nationalists attempted to overthrow colonial rulers or oppressive regimes in the name of national sovereignty were known as

answer

wars of "national liberation"

question

Which of the following was the FIRST to establish a communist system independent of the Soviet Union?

answer

Yugoslavia

question

What U.S. action in 1948 inflamed Arab resentment towards the U.S.?

answer

The U.S. recognized the state of Israel.

question

Who applied the expression "Iron Curtain" to Europe?

answer

Winston Churchill

question

Which is the MOST correct definition of the "Iron Curtain"?

answer

The restriction of the movement of ideas and people between Eastern and Western Europe

question

Which American diplomat outlined America's containment policy?

answer

George Kennan

question

Which of the following was NOT an example of America's containment policy?

answer

McMarran Internal Security Act

question

From the Soviet Union's point of view, the Berlin blockade of 1948 was justified because

answer

the U.S., Great Britain, and France united their zones of occupation into a single unit

question

Which statement CORRECTLY describes the U.S. response to the Berlin blockade of 1948?

answer

The U.S. avoided direct military confrontation with the Soviets.

question

What was America's policy in the struggle in China between the Nationalists and the Chinese Communist Party?

answer

The U.S. sent military supplies to Chiang.

question

After World War II, the French colony of Indochina exploded into warfare as Ho Chi Minh and his followers battled for independence from France. Which of the following countries was once part of the colony known as French Indochina?

answer

Vietnam

question

What justification did the North Koreans offer for their attack on South Korea?

answer

The "illegal" South Korean government blocked reunification of Korea.

question

The United Nations has often been frustrated in performing its peacekeeping mission. It was, however, able to take action in Korea because

answer

the Soviet Union did no cast its veto in the Security Council

question

Why did President Harry Truman take drastic measure to end the coal miners' strike and the railroad workers' strike in 1946?

answer

The strikes threatened to cause widespread economic hardship.

question

After World War II, lingering New Deal spirit was seen in the

answer

passage of the Employment Act of 1946

question

Which provision of the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 did organized labor find most objectionable?

answer

Permitting states to ban union shops

question

Which of the following terms best describes the predominant view of women's role in society in the late 1940s and 1950s?

answer

Housewife

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Which of the following was NOT a result of suburbanization?

answer

People lived in more congested communities.

question

What problem was President Truman referring to when he stated "the extension of civil rights today means not protection of the people against government, but protection of the people by government"?

answer

Racial discrimination

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The experience of Roosevelt's presidency led to which of the following actions in 1951?

answer

The Constitution was amended to the number of terms a president could be elected to office.

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Which statement MOST accurately describes the Cold War?

answer

A state of hostility between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. in which both sides made preparations for an actual war without actually fighting

question

Which post-war action by the Soviet Union did the U.S. see as a direct violation of the Yalta Agreement?

answer

The Soviet Union established communist governments in Eastern European nations.

question

The post-war years witnessed a "freedom explosion" across the globe, especially in Asia and Africa. Why did several of these new nations turn to the Soviet Union rather than the United States for support?

answer

They associated the U.S. with the colonialism and imperialism of their former colonial rulers.

question

In an effort to undermine the appeal of communism to those living in Western Europe, the U.S. instituted the

answer

Marshall Plan

question

The goal of America's containment policy was to

answer

stop communist expansion

question

The Soviet Union sent troops to the Turkish border after World War II because Turkey

answer

controlled access to the Mediterranean Sea

question

The creation of what new federal government agency during the 1940s was evidence that the Cold War had led the U.S. to re-evaluate its role in the international arena?

answer

Central Intelligence Agency

question

U.S. participation in NATO was a break with tradition in that for the first time, the U.S.

answer

entered into a peacetime military alliance

question

With the defeat of Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists in 1949, Republicans charged that Truman and the Democrats had "lost" China. Which of the following statements does NOT accurately reflect what having "lost" China meant?

answer

China lost its seat on the Security Council.

question

Article IX, inserted by the United States into Japan's constitution, reflects what goal of the United States?

answer

Permanently disarming Japan

question

Which of the following foreign policy objectives would Yoshida Shigeru NOT have supported?

answer

Remilitarization

question

What principle did President Truman invoke in sending U.S. troops into South Korea without first asking Congress to declare war?

answer

That the U.S. Constitution gives the president the authority as commander-in-chief of the armed forces to deploy troops

question

Which statement best describes the opposing sides in the Korean War?

answer

United Nations forces fought against Communist North Korea and soldiers from Communist China.

question

Which principle of American government did General Douglas MacArthur challenge by his public demands to bomb China during the Korean War?

answer

The president's authority as commander-in-chief

question

During the 1950s and 1930s, the government in Taiwan had a permanent seat on the Security Council. Why?

answer

Taiwan was the new home of Nationalist China, where Chiang Kai-shek and his followers moved to after being defeated by Mao and the communists.

question

Which statement best explains why, for four years, Senator Joseph McCarthy was able to recklessly attack and falsely accuse people of being communists?

answer

Many people were afraid to oppose McCarthy.

question

All of the following further intensified the anticommunist hysteria of the post-war period EXCEPT

answer

the Army-McCarthy hearings

question

What is the CORRECT chronological order of the following events? I. Marshall Plan implemented II. NATO formed III. Truman Doctrine issued

answer

III, I, II

question

In order to provide the president with information on and potential courses of action for U.S. military and foreign policy, Congress created the

answer

National Security Council

question

Which of the following was one of the post-war developments that caused President Truman to issue the Truman Doctrine?

answer

Communist rebels threatened to seize power in Greece.

question

What was the immediate result of the United Nations resolution (which went into effect in May 1948) to partition (divide) Palestine into two states, one Jewish and one Arab? I. Israel became a nation. II. Hundreds of years of Jewish-Arab fighting finally came to an end. III. War broke out between Jews and Arabs.

answer

I and III

question

What development in 1949 alerted Americans to the realization that the U.S. would have to enter an arms race with the Soviet Union?

answer

The Soviets tested their first atomic bomb.

question

After having to retreat in June 1950, South Korean and United Nations' forces established a line of defense around Pusan. An amphibious attack in September on which city allowed South Korean and United Nations forces to go on the offensive?

answer

Inchon

question

Which of the following statements regarding the Korean War is most accurate.

answer

Both Seoul and Pyongyang were captured by enemy forces.

question

At the direction of the Soviet Union, the German Democratic Republic was established in 1949. Type the number where the German Democratic Republic is located.

answer

2 (East Germany)

question

Which letter represents the location of the capital of West Germany in 1949?

answer

B (Bonn)

Cold War and the Truman Years (1945-1953) (Unit 2) – Flashcards

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