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Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)

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therapists help the patient to identify his warped thinking and to learn more realistic ways to formulate his experiences

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Beck (Cognitive Therapy) stated

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dysfunctional ideas are too absolute and broad thought now necessarily irrational

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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first cognitive behavior therapies

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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emphasizes thinking assessing deciding analyzing and doing

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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maintains that cognitions emotions and behaviors interact significantly and have a reciprocal cause and effect relationship

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Albert Ellis stated Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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"It is our view of events rather than the events themselves that are disturbing"

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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emotions are created fom our beliefs

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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irrational thoughts are self indoctrined and clients must learn how to dispute them

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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changing irrational thoughts = changing emotions and reactions to situations

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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largely educational therapists acts as a teacher

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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we learn irrational beliefs from significant others during childhood

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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clients must stop blaming themselves and others and work toward acceptance

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT irrational belief

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It is better to avoid to an experience or trial rather than to face it head on

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT irrational belief

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I must be loved and appreciated by almost everyone around me

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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Other people must treat me fairly kindly and well

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT ABC framework

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A activating event B belief about the activating event C emotional and behavioral consequences D disputing which involves DETECTING DEBATING and DISCRIMINATING E a new effective philosophy F (new) feelings

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT goals

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Unconditional self-acceptance unconditional other-acceptance unconditional life-acceptance enjoy what you can, accept what you can't

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT Therapists

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disputes irrational beliefs and demonstrates how clients are keeping these beliefs alive

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT Therapists

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assists clients with changing their thinking and minimizing their irrational ideas

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT Therapists

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encourages clients to develop a rational philosophy of life so they can stop hurting themselves over and over through their irrational beliefs

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT Therapists

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focuses is on the here and now and does not focus on transference dream work free association

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT Therapists

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counselor remains aware of transference as a sign that the client needs to be like and warmth is not required, respect is

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT techniques

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disputing irrational beliefs cognitive homework bibliotherapy changing one's language psychoeducation

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT Emotive techniques rational emotive imagery

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imagine the worse case scenario

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT Emotive techniques humor

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lighten up

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT Emotive techniques role playing

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rehearse to bring out feelings

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT Emotive techniques shame attacking

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it is not catastrophic if someone thinks we are foolish

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT Emotive techniques behavioral techniques

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operant conditioning, self-management principles, systematic desensitization, relaxation techniques and modeling

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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designed to be educational and brief

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Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT

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it is useful in groups because clients ca practice different behaviors in a safe environment challenge self-defeating thinking learn from the experiences of others and to interact therapeutically and socially with members

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy

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scientist at hear sought to develop empirically validated theory

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy

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theory is structured, short term, preset oriented

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy

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seeks to produce cognitive change by modifying thinking and belief system to bring about enduring emotional and behavioral change

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy

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influenced by philosophers such as Epictetus and theorists such as Alfred Adler, ALbert Ellis, Richard Lazarus and Albert Bandura

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy does not believe that

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irrational beliefs are the sole cause of a client's problems

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy can be used with

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individuals of diverse levels of edicatio and income, ciltures and ages, also in group, couples and family counseling

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy Negative Cognitive triad

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negative views that lead to depression and other problems

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy Negative Cognitive triad self-criticism

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negative views of the self

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy Negative Cognitive triad hopelessness

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negative views of the future

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy Negative Cognitive triad pessimism

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negative views of the world

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy psychological distress

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can be thought of as an exaggeration of normal adaptive human functioning

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy faulty information processing

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is a prime cause of exaggerations in adaptive emotional and behavioral reactions

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy thinking is connected to

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our emotional reactions behaviors and motivations

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles

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clients and their problems are conceptualized on an individual basis in cognitive terms: identify current thinking, problematic behaviors, examine factors, hypothesize about events and interpretations

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles

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requires a sound therapeutic alliance, seeks clarity from client to ensure they feel understood and positive about the session at the end of each session. counselor is an active flexible guide not authoritative

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles

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emphasizes collaboration and active participation. HOMEWORK

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Collaborative empiricism

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testing out faulty thinking

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles

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goal oriented and problem focused

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles

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initially emphasizes the present

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reasons to shift to talking about the past

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clients wish to do so failure to do so would damage he co./cl. relationship clients get stuck in their dysfunctional thinking

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clients get stuck in their dysfunctional thinking... therapist should

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explore childhood roots of core beliefs

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles

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uses education and aims to teach the client to be his or her own therapist and emphasizes relapse prevention

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles

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goal is to be time-limited

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles time limited goal

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to provide symptom relief facilitate a remission of the disorder help client's resolve their most pressing problems teach skills to avoid relapse

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles

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CBT sessions are structured

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles structured sessions first part

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1 start with introduction, that includes a mood check review of past week and setting an agenda

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles structured sessions second part

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2 review homework, dicuss problems on the agenda , setting new homework, and summarizing

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles structured sessions third part

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3 eliciting feedback, by following this format allows clients to know what to expect and increases their likelihood that they will be able to do self-therapy after termination

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles

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teaches clients to identify evaluate and respond to their dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy major principles

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uses a variety of techniques to change thinking mood and behavior

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy counselors assist client's to identify

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key cognitions and adopt more realistic adaptive perspectives which leads clients to feel better emotionally behave more functionally and decrease their physiological arousal

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy can accomplish success though

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guided discovery using questioning to evaluate their thinking

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy majority of counselor verbal statements are

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questions

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy therapists use behavioral experiments (created experiences)

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to directly test the client's thinking for validity of automatic thoughts

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy automatic thoughts

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are examined collaboratively for validity and utility

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy new more realistic thoughts are

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examined and ultimately replace the unrealistic ones

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy All individuals have (belief)

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core beliefs intermediate beliefs automatic thoughts

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy intermediate beliefs

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include attitudes, rules and assumptions

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy schema (belief system)

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can be thought of as cognitive structures that organize experience

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy law of rules

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people's reactions to many situations are consistent which suggests they are guided by a "___ __ _____"

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy cognitive errors

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disorders of thinking are chacteristic of all psychiatric disorders

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy cognitive errors

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overgeneralization cognitive profile dichotomous thinking

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy cognitive errors overgeneralization

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holding extreme beliefs on the basis of a single incident and applying them inappropriately to dissimilar events or settings

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy cognitive errors dichotomous thinking

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categorizing experiences in either or extremes (polarized thinking)

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy cognitive errors arbitrary inferences

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drawing conclusions without supporting evidence (catastrophizing)

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy selective abstraction

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forming conclusions based on an isolated DETAIL of an event and not thinking about the rest of the information

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy rules

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formulas and premises by which we make sense of others' behavior and the world about us

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy socratic dialogue uses questions to

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clarify or define problems

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy socratic dialogue uses questions to

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assist in the identification of thoughts

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy socratic dialogue uses questions to

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examine the meaning of events for the client

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy socratic dialogue uses questions to

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assess the consequences of maintaining maladaptive thoughts and behaviors

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy CBT techniques

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recognizing maladaptive ideation and filling in the blank

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy CBT techniques

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distancing and decentering and authenticating conclusions

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy CBT techniques

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changing the rules and scaling

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy CBT techniques

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reattribution and deliberate exaggeration

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy CBT techniques

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decatastrophizing (debunking the worst case scenario) and behavioral techniques

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy therapeutic relationship

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is necessary but now sufficient to elicit change

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy Behavioral techniques

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activity scheduling behavioral experiements skills training role playing behavioral rehearsal and exposure therapy

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Aaron Beck Cognitive Therapy counselors use thoughts records

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which help clients identify automatic thoughts, as well as action plans

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Padesky and Mooney's Strengths Based CBT

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emphasizes clients' strengths and parallels positive psychology

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Padesky and Mooney's Stengths Based CBT positive psychology

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happiness, resilience, altruism, and positive emotions and behaviors

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Padesky and Mooney's Stengths Based CBT four step model to building resilience

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S SEARCH C CONSTRUCT A APPLY P PRACTICE

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Meichenbaum's Cognitive Behavior Modification CBM

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focuses on changing the client's self-talk, social responsibility, and restructuring narratives

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Meichenbaum's Cognitive Behavior Modification CBM believes

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it is easier to change behavior rather than thinking

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Meichenbaum's Cognitive Behavior Modification CBM 3 phases

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self-observation starting a new internal dialogue learning new skills

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Meichenbaum's Cognitive Behavior Modification CBM technique

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stress inoculation training

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Meichenbaum's Cognitive Behavior Modification CBM stress inoculation training

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application of a coping skills program is teaching clients stress management techniques by the way of a strategy

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Meichenbaum's Cognitive Behavior Modification CBM stress inoculation training 3 stage model

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conceptual educational phase, the skills acquisition and consolidation phase, the application and follow through phase

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Meichenbaum's Cognitive Behavior Modification CBM relapse prevention

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consists of procedures for dealing with the inevitable setbacks clients are likely to experience as they apply what they are learning to daily life, is taught at this stage

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Cognitive Behavior therapy diversity strengths

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interventions are tailored to the unique needs and strengths of the individual

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Cognitive Behavior therapy diversity strengths

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clients learn specific skills they can apply in daily life and with an emphasis on cultural influences that contribute to clients' uniqueness

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Cognitive Behavior therapy diversity limitation REBT

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its negative view of dependency

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Cognitive Behavior therapy diversity limitation

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emphasis of CBT on assertiveness, independence verbal ability rationality cognition and behavioral change may limit its use in cultures that value subtle communication

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Cognitive Behavior therapy diversity limitation

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its individualistic orientation

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Cognitive Behavior therapy diversity limitation counselor may

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overemphasize cognitive restructuring to the neglect of environmental interventions

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Cognitive Behavior therapy strength REBT

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focus on teaching clients ways to carry on their own therapy without the direct intervention of a therapist

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Cognitive Behavior therapy strength CT

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empirically derived; structured therapy that is present centered and problem oriented can be very effective

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Cognitive Behavior therapy strength SB CBT

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successfully incorporated strengths at each phase of treatment and a wide range of modalities including imagery metaphor stories ad kinesthetic body experiences into the broad repertoire of CBT interventions

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Cognitive Behavior therapy strength CBM

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contribution to understanding how stress is largely self-induced through inner dialogue integration of the cognitive narrative perspective in therapy style

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Cognitive Behavior therapy limitation REBT believes that

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exploring the past is irrelevant to change

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Cognitive Behavior therapy limitation CT focuses

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too much on the power of positive thinking; being too superficial and simplistic; denying the important of the past and being too technique oriented

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Cognitive Behavior therapy limitation SB CBT

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evidence base supporting the approach is still in primary development

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Cognitive Behavior therapy limitation CBM

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can follow the treatment protocol without being successful because of the personality of the therapist

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