CIS111 Final Review
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________ is the maximum speed at which data can be transferred between two nodes.
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bandwidth
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A network that spans a large physical distance is called a ________.
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WAN
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Normal telephone cable is a type of ________.
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twisted-pair cable
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For the nodes on a network to communicate with each other and access the network, each node needs a ________.
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network adapter
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On a network, a(n) ________ helps prevent data packets from colliding with each other.
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switch
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Sophisticated networks generally use which of the following hardware devices to ease the flow of data through the network?
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routers and switches
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To transfer data packets between two or more networks, a ________ is used.
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router
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Data are sent through a network in bundles called ________.
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packets
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Using a network without the network owner's permission is known as ________.
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piggybacking
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The unique number assigned to a network adapter by the manufacturer is referred to as the ________ address.
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MAC
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The operating system of a cell phone is stored in ________.
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ROM
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A(n) ________ chip converts sound waves from a voice into digital signal.
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analog-to-digital converter
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A(n) ________ is included in a cell phone to handle the compression of data for it to be quickly transmitted to another phone.
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digital signal processor chip
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A ________ is a geographical area with a base transceiver station at its center.
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cell
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Which is true of SMS messages?
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They can only contain a limited number of characters.
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You can send messages that include photos and videos between mobile devices using ________ technology.
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multimedia message service (MMS)
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The distance between two near field communication (NFC) devices is limited to about ________.
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1.5 inches
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________ allows only limited use of media that have been legally purchased.
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digital rights management
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Which of the following describes the number of times an analog wave is measured each second during an analog-to-digital conversion?
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sampling rate
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Which of the following digital image formats compresses the image file?
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JPEG
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The Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) is a partnership between the ________.
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FBI and National White Collar Crime Center
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________ viruses are often transmitted by a flash drive left in a USB port.
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Boot-sector
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A(n) ________ takes advantage of file transport methods to spread on its own.
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worm
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A ________ is a virus that is attached to documents such as Word or Excel files.
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macro virus
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Which of the following classifications of viruses can change its own code to avoid detection?
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polymorphic
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A(n) ________ is the portion of virus code that is unique to a particular computer virus.
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virus signature
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________ hackers break into systems for non-malicious reasons such as to test system security vulnerabilities.
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white-hat
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A ________ allows a hacker to gain access to your computer and take almost complete control of it without your knowledge.
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rootkit
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Configuring a firewall to ignore all incoming packets that request access to a specific port is known as ________.
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logical port blocking
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CAPTCHA is ________.
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the wavy hard-to-read letter and number sequence that you type to prove that you are human to a website
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Adware and spyware are referred to collectively as ________.
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grayware
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Social ________ is any technique that uses social skills to generate human interaction that entices individuals to reveal sensitive information.
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engineering
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When malicious code is planted on your computer and alters your browser's ability to find web addresses, it is known as ________.
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pharming
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What is the first step of the system development life cycle (SDLC)?
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problem and opportunity indentification
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The set of specific, sequential steps that describe exactly what a computer program must do to complete the work is called a(n) ________.
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algorithm
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The keywords used in programming languages that use decisions to redirect the flow of a program are called ________.
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control structures
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A loop decision point consists of three features: an initial value, a set of actions to be performed, and a(n) ________.
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test condition
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________ breaks down a problem into a series of high-level tasks and continues to break each task into successively more detailed subtasks.
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top-down design
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Object-oriented ________ are defined by the information (data) and the actions (methods) associated with them.
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classes
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An example of a first-generation language is ________.
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machine language
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The capability of moving a completed programming solution easily from one type of computer to another is known as ________.
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portability
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The process that converts program code into machine language is called ________.
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compilation
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________ is the set of instructions that programmers have written in a higher-level language.
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source code
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Division by zero is a ________ error that is caught when the program executes.
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runtime
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A small Java-based program is called a ________.
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java applet
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Special symbols called tags are used in which of the following languages?
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HTML/XHTML
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If a school keeps two lists, one for student registration and one for student financial information, both containing name and address information, this is an example of data ________.
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redundancy
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In a database, the term ________ is synonymous with a category of information.
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field, row, table, record***
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In a database, a group of related records is referred to as a(n) ________.
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table
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In a Microsoft Access database, something like the Gettysburg Address would be stored in a(n) ________ field.
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long text
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You can set a ________, which is automatically displayed in a field unless the user enters something different.
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default value
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________ is used to ensure that data is organized most efficiently.
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normalization, range checking, consistency checking, validation
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________ databases are the most commonly used electronic databases.
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relational
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________ means that for each value in the foreign key of one table, there is a corresponding value in the primary key of another table.
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referential integrity
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A(n) ________ check determines whether a required field such as LastName was filled in.
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completeness
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A ________ displays a subset of data from a table (or tables) based on the specified criteria.
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select query
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________ involves taking data from your database and putting it into an electronic file in a format that another external application or database can recognize.
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exporting
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Big data analytics is usually associated with ________ services.
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data warehouse
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In a transaction-processing system (TPS), if the TPS database can be queried and updated while the transaction is taking place, this is called ________ processing.
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real-time
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In a ________ network, each node connected to the network communicates directly with every other node.
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peer-to-peer
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A ________ uses the Internet communications infrastructure to build a secure and private network.
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VPN
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A(n) ________ server is a server that stores and manages files for network users.
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file
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A print server uses a print ________ as a software holding area for jobs waiting to be printed.
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spooler
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Which of the following is the most commonly used client/server network topology?
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star
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In an Ethernet network, the signal that is sent to indicate a signal collision is called a ________ signal.
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jam
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________ is the amount of data that can be transmitted across a transmission medium in a certain amount of time.
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bandwidth
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________ is the standard communications protocol used on most client/server networks.
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ethernet
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The physical address assigned each network adapter is called its ________.
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media access control (MAC)
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A(n) ________ address is the address that external entities use when communicating with your network.
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IP
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A ________ sends data from one collision domain to another.
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bridge
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A ________ sends data between two networks.
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router
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Configuring an account to disable itself after a set number of login attempts using invalid passwords is a method of countering a ________.
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brute force attack
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The main path of the Internet along which data travels the fastest is known as the Internet ________.
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backbone
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High-speed ________ communication lines use fiber-optics.
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OC
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The main suite of protocols used on the Internet is ________.
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TCP/IP
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is an example of an HTML ________.
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tag
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________ defines the content in terms of the data that is being described rather than how it is to be displayed.
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XML
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________ enables interactive functionality beyond the simple display of information on a web page by providing a platform which can execute a program to do things like collect data from the user.
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CGI
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A(n) ________ is a small program that resides on a server and is designed to be downloaded and run on a client computer.
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applet
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The ________ defines items on a web page such as graphics, tables, and headers as objects.
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DOM
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Which protocol is used when sending files as attachments by e-mail?
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Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)
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In public-key encryption, the two keys—one for coding and one for decoding—are known as ________.
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a key pair
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Which of the following is an example of an instant messaging service?
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yahoo messenger
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________ permits two or more people to communicate over the Internet in real time.
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instant messaging
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Strong encryption now requires ________-bit keys.
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256
