Chpt 6: Cognitive Development Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Sensorimotor Intelligence
answer
Piaget's term for the way infants think—by using their senses and motor skills—during the first period of cognitive development.
question
Deferred Imitation
answer
A sequence in which an infant first perceives something done by someone else and then performs the same action hours or even days later.
question
Object Permanence
answer
The realization that objects (including people) still exist when they can no longer be seen, touched, or heard.
question
Primary Circular Reaction
answer
feed-back loop involving the infant's own body. The infant senses motion, sucking, noise, and other stimuli and tries to understand them.
question
secondary circular reactions
answer
feed-back loop involving people and objects. Infants respond to other people, to toys, and to any other object they can touch or move.
question
tertiary circular reactions
answer
feed-back loop involving active exploration and experimentation. Infants explore a range of new activities, varying their responses as a way of learning about the world.
question
Habituation
answer
The process of becoming accustomed to an object or event through repeated exposure to it, and thus becoming less interested in it.
question
Visual Cliff
answer
An experimental apparatus that gives the illusion of a sudden drop-off between one horizontal surface and another.
question
Information processing
answer
Modeled on computer functioning Involves incremental details and step-by-step description of the mechanisms of thought
question
Infantile Amnesia
answer
the belief that infants remember nothing until about age 2
question
Moblie Experiment
answer
experiment that disproved infantile amnesia, by having infants move a mobile the same way. Thus proving they remebered each time they did so.
question
Implicit Memory
answer
Unconscious or automatic memory that is usually stored via habits, emotional responses, routine procedures, and various sensations.
question
Explicit Memory
answer
Memory that is easy to retrieve on demand (as in a specific test). Most involves consciously learned words, data, and concepts.
question
Universal Sequence (Also called baby talk or motherese.)
answer
The high-pitched, simplified, and repetitive way adults speak to infants and children.
question
Child-driected speech (Baby talk/motherese)
answer
The high-pitched, simplified, and repetitive way adults speak to infants and children.
question
Behaviorism
answer
Theory says all learning is acquired, step-by-step, through association and reinforcement.
question
Social Pragmatic Theory
answer
According to this theory, infants communicate because humans are social beings, dependent on one another for survival and joy. It is the emotional messages of speech, not the words, that propel communication.
question
Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
answer
Chomsky's term for a hypothesized mental structure that enables humans to learn language, including the basic aspects of grammar, vocabulary, and intonation.
