Chemistry exam ch 14 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
catalyst
answer
a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change
question
chemical equilibrium
answer
the state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time
question
equilibrium constants
answer
the name of the value of the reaction quotient when the reaction has reached equilibrium
question
equilibrium expression
answer
When the reaction quotient, or in this deifnition - the equilibirum constant (K) - is in equilibrium
question
Haber process
answer
an industrial process for producing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, using an iron catalyst at high temperature and pressure
question
heterogeneous equilibrium
answer
when all reagents and products are found in different phases (solid, liquid, or gas)
question
homogeneous equilibrium
answer
when all reagents and products are found in the same phase (solid, liquid, or gas)
question
LeChatelier's principle
answer
can be used to predict the effect of a change in conditions on chemical equilibrium
question
reaction quotient, Q
answer
aids in figuring out which direction a reaction is likely to proceed, given either the pressures or the concentrations of the reactants and the products; is not in equilibrium
question
Differences between equilibrium and reaction quotient
answer
The difference between the reaction quotient and the equilibrium constant is that, at a given temperature, the equilibrium constant has only one value and it specifies the relative amounts of reactants and products at equilibrium. The reaction quotient, by contrast, depends on the current state of the reaction and has many different values as the reaction proceeds.
question
In a reaction mixture containing only reactants, the reaction quotient is.... (0/x), where x is some number
answer
Q = 0
question
In a reaction mixture containing only products, the reaction quotient is.... (x/0), where x is some number
answer
Q = infinity
question
In a reaction mixture containing both reactants and products, each at a concentration of 1 M
answer
Q = 1
question
equilibirum shift
answer
When dynamic equilibrium is disturbed, related to the Chatelier's principle, there is a tendency to reestablish equilibrium.
