Chem. Nomenclature – Flashcards

Al

+3

metal

Ar

0

nonmetal

As

-3

nonmetal

Ba

+2

metal

Be

+2

metal

B

+3

nonmetal

Br

-1

nonmetal

Cd

+2

metal

Ca

+2

metal

C

-4

nonmetal

Cl

-1

nonmetal

Co

+2

metal

Cr

+2 

metal

Cu

+1

metal

F

-1

nonmetal

Au

+1

metal

He

0

nonmetal

H

+1

nonmetal

I

-1

nonmetal

Fe

+2

metal

Pb

+2

metal

Li

+1

metal

Mg

+2

metal

Mn

+2

metal

Hg

+1

metal

Ne

0

nonmetal

Ni

+2

metal

N

-3

nonmetal

O

-2

nonmetal

P

-3

nonmetal

Pt

+2

metal

K

+1

metal

Se

-2

nonmetal

Si

-4

nonmetal

Ag

+1

metal

Na

+1

Metal

Sr

+2

metal

S

-2

nonmetal

Sn

+2

metal

U

+3

metal

Xe

0

nonmetal

Zn

+2

metal

Cs

+1

metal

 only two elements

metal cation+nonmetal anion

Naming:

1.Write name of 1st element

2. Write name of 2nd element. Change ending to ide

Writing Formula:

1. Write symbol and charge of cation.

2. Write symbol and carge of anion

3. Balance total positive and negative charge to equal zero

Three or more elements

metal cation+polytomic ion

Naming: 

1. Write name of 1st element.

2. Write name of polyatomic ion. most end in -ate or -ite

Writing Formulas:

1. Write symbol and charge of cation. 

2. Write symbol for polyatomic ion.

3. Balance total positive and negative charge to equal zero

• Only two elements; no oxygen
• H + nonmetal anion
• Always "hydro----acid"

Naming: 

1. Name th enonmetal stem.

2. Add prefix hydro-.

3. Change ending to -ic acid.

Writing Formulas:

1. Write H for "hydro".

2. Write symbol for anion

3. Add teh word "acid".

4. Balance total positive and negative charge to equal zero

Naming: 

1. Name the polyatoic ion

2. If ion ends in -ate, change to "-ic acid".

If ion ends in -ite, change to "-ous acid". 

Writing Formulas:

1. Write H for acid.

2. Write polyatomic ion

3. Balance total positive and negative charge to equal zero

two elements

nonmetal+nonmetal

Naming: 

1. Name 1st element. 

2. If there's more than one, add prefix to denote number of atoms

3. Name 2nd element.

4. Always add prefix to second element to denote the number of atoms

;

Writing Formula:

1. Write symbol for 1st element

2. Add subscript to denote number if more than atom

3. Write symbol for 2nd element

4. Add the subscript to denote number if more than one atom.

form when atoms loose ions

*a positively charged ion

NH4^{+ ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;}ammonium

H₃O⁺ ; ; ; ;hydronium

H^{+ ; ; ; ; ; ; ;}hydrogen (proton)

form when atoms gain ions

*a negatively charged ion

carbonate

;

;

anion

hyrdrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)

;

;

anion

phosphate

;

;

anion

hydrogen phosphate

;

anion

dihydrogen phosphate

;

anion

sulfate

;

;

anion

hydrogenulfate (bisulfate)

;

;

anion

sulfite

;

;

anion

hydrogen sulfite (bisulfate)

;

;

anion

hydroxide

;

;

anion

perchlorate

;

;

anion

chlorate

;

;

anion

chlorite

;

;

anion

hypochlorite

;

;

anion

nitrate

;

;

anion

nitrite

;

;

anion

dichromate

;

;

;

anion

chromate

;

;

anion

permanganate

;

;

anion

acetate

;

;

;

anion