Chapter 8 Review Sheet – Flashcards

a socially defined category based on real or perceived biological differences between groups of people.

a socially defined category based on common language, religion, nationality, history, or another cultural factor.

an ethnic identity that is only relevant on specific occasions and does not significantly impact everyday life.

an ethnic identity that can be either displayed or concealed depending on its usefulness in a given situation.

social group that is systematically denied the same access to power and resources available to society's dominant groups though they are not necessarily fewer in number than the dominant groups.

a set of beliefs about the superiority of one racial or ethnic group; used to justify inequality and often rooted in the assumption that differences between groups are genetic.

an idea about the characteristics of a group that is applied to all members of that group and is unlikely to change regardless of the evidence against it.

unequal treatment of individuals based on their membership in a social group; usually motivated by prejudice.

discrimination carried out by one person against another.

discrimination carried out systematically by institutions (political, economic, educational and others) that affect all members of a group who come into contact with it.

presenting yourself as a member of a different racial or ethnic group than the one you were born into.

W.E.B. DuBois's term for the divided identity experienced by blacks in America.

a pattern of relations between ethnic or racial groups in which the minority group is absorbed into the mainstream or dominant group, making society more homogenous.

a cultural pattern of intergroup relations that encourages racial and ethnic variation and acceptance within a society.

Structural Functionalism

Conflict theory

Symbolic Interactionism

Cohabitation or marriage between two people of different racial groups

Caucasian ethnic identity is characterized by:

What is it called when a minority group is absorbed into the dominant group?

How is institutional discrimination different from individual discrimination?

What makes someone most likely to drop out of school?

Societies that encourage racial and ethnic diversity have embraced the value of:

How do sociologists define ethnicity?

Discrimination is a

Prejudice is a

Biological differences

Cultural differences

What is the goal of affirmative action?