Chapter 7 Politics – Flashcards

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A political party is an organization
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that tries to influence the government by getting its members elected to office.
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What is the ultimate success for political parties?
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winning elections
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Incumbents in Congress
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typically raise three times the money for their political campaigns than challengers.
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Which of the following statements about party building is true?
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Republicans have paid much more attention to party building than Democrats since the Eisenhower presidency.
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Which of the following statements about Organizing for America (OFA) is FALSE?
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OFA has established offices in only three states: California, New York, and Massachusetts.
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Under the Constitution, ________ has/have the power to regulate elections.
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state legislatures
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Which of the following statements about parties in Congress is FALSE?
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Only members of the majority party are allowed to take part in the election of the Speaker of the House.
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Historically, realignments occur
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when new issues combine with economic or political crises to mobilize new voters and persuade large numbers of voters to reexamine their traditional partisan loyalties.
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Which of the following statements about partisan identification in the United States is most accurate?
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Party identification varies significantly by income, race, and gender.
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________ warned Americans against the dangers of political parties in his farewell address.
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George Washington
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Throughout its history, American politics has been dominated by ________ major political party/parties.
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two
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The United States began its tradition of ________ during the early nineteenth century.
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the two-party system
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An individual's psychological attachment to one party or another is called a party ________.
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identification
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The first party system was characterized by conflict between the ________ and the ________.
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Federalists; Jeffersonian Republicans
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The United States has had ________ party systems since 1790.
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6
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The Federalist Party disappeared forever as a result of ________.
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the war of 1812
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The two major parties in the United States during the 1830s and 1840s were the ________ and the ________.
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Democrats; Whigs
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What issue led to the demise of the Whig Party?
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slavery
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During the late 1840s and early 1850s, both the Democratic and Whig parties were divided by
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conflicts over slavery.
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From the end of the Civil War to the 1890s, the ________ Party was the party of the North, while the ________ Party was the party of the South.
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Republican; Democratic
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Reconstruction after the Civil War was led by the ________ Party.
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Republican
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The Populist Party appealed to which of the following groups?
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western mining interests, small farmers, and urban workers
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From 1896 to 1932, the ________ Party was the nation's majority party.
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Republican
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Which group was NOT a part of the New Deal coalition?
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business leaders
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The New Deal coalition was severely strained and ultimately broken apart by the ________.
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Vietnam War and the issue of civil rights
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"Me too" Republicanism refers to
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the tendency of Republican politicians during the New Deal to support popular programs such as Social Security rather than advocate alternative policies.
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Which of the following best indicated the downfall of the New Deal coalition?
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Richard Nixon's election in 1968
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In 1964, the Republican Party presidential nominee, ________, espoused a number of ideas, such as less taxation and less government regulation of the economy, that became major themes for the modern Republican Party.
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Barry Goldwater
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During the 1980s, the Republicans added ________to their coalition.
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religious conservatives and working-class whites
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When Richard Nixon employed his "southern strategy," he
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appealed to disaffected white voters in the South.
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Which of the following occurs when one party becomes dominant after replacing another party that has dominated national politics for a lengthy period of time?
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An electoral realignment
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________ occurs when one party controls the presidency while another party controls one or both houses of Congress.
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Divided party government
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In which of the following was there NOT an electoral realignment?
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1994
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As a third-party candidate, Ross Perot captured approximately ________ percent of the popular vote in the 1992 presidential election.
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20
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The Tea Party movement is
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an organized challenge to incumbents in the Republican Party by the most conservative wing of the Republican Party.
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State ballot access laws, such as registration fees and petition requirements, have the effect of
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reducing the number of third-party and independent candidates who can run for office.
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Third-party candidates are better off under ________.
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proportional representation
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Which of the following is NOT part of a country's party system?
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the laws that govern how much money parties can raise and spend in election campaigns
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Third parties in the United States typically represent
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social and economic interests that are disregarded by the two major parties for certain reasons.
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Women in the United States are ________ the ________ Party.
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somewhat more likely to support; Democratic
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Men in the United States are ________ the ________ Party.
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somewhat more likely to support; Republican
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Which of the following statements is true about political participation?
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African Americans and Latinos are less likely to participate in politics than whites.
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Which of the following statements is true about political participation?
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Young people are far less likely to participate in politics than older people.
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________ is the single most important factor in predicting whether an individual votes.
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education level
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Which of the following statements about voter identification laws is most accurate?
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Voter identification laws in the states disproportionately affect minority citizens and the less affluent.
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It is likely that eliminating state-level voter registration laws would
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increase voter turnout among younger people.
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Which of the following statements about voting rights is correct?
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Many states have laws restricting the voting rights of persons convicted of felonies.
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________ is the single most important political act for most Americans.
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voting
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About ________ percent of eligible voters turn out for midterm congressional elections.
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33
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Which of the following is NOT a key factor affecting one's level of participation?
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geographic region
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Which of the following characteristics constitutes one's socioeconomic status?
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level of income, level of education, and prestige of occupation
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Compared with western Europe, the United States has ________ turnout in elections.
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a lower
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Dealignment refers to
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the decline of partisan attachment within the electorate, the growth in the number of voters identifying themselves as independents, and the rise of split-ticket voting.
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In 2012, about ________ percent of Latino Americans voted for Barack Obama.
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70
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About ________ percent of African Americans voted for Barack Obama in 2012.
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95
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In 2012, both Barack Obama and Mitt Romney raised about ________ each in their respective campaigns.
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$1 billion
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________ are nonprofit independent groups that receive and distribute funds to influence the nomination, election, and defeat of a candidate.
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527 committees
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527 committees are an important part of the American political system because they
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are able to raise and spend unlimited amounts of money as long as they do not coordinate their activities with a political party.
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