Chapter 7: Individual & Group Decision Making How Managers Make Things Happen – Flashcards

______ are the situations that present possibilities for exceeding existing goals.

As a manager, Colin realizes that there is no single formula for making easy decisions. In reality, business decisions he has to make involve uncertainty and risk. This describes the ______ model of decision making.

What is the ineffective response that matches the following situation: The manager decides to take no action, believing that there will be no significant negative consequences.

What is the ineffective response that matches the following situation: The manager opts for the first available alternative that involves low risk.

What is the ineffective response that matches the following situation: The manager cannot find a satisfactory solution so procrastinates, passes the buck or denies the risk of negative consequences.

What is the ineffective response that matches the following situation: The manager cannot deal with the situation realistically because he/she has become frantic to dispose of the problem.

What are the steps of the rational model of decision making in the right order?

"Going with your gut," or ______, is making a choice without the use of conscious thought or logical inference.

What are some appropriate actions for a manager to take if the decision is not working as intended?

Electronic brainstorming, also called ______, is a technique used to help members of a group come together over a computer network to generate ideas and alternatives for solving problems.

Heuristics are strategies that ______ the process of making decisions.

Michelle asked her five employees to each take five minutes to write down what they personally thought the new facility should include. She then collected the information and compiled it on the white board for all of them to view and decide upon. Michelle is using the ______ technique.

Successful implementation of major decisions requires what two things to occur?

Kelly works in the customer service department and at the end of the day she reported to her manager that all of the calls she received that day were customers complaining about the new wheel sprocket the company had just started using. Which aspect of the rational decision making process is Kelly providing to her manger?

A ______ is a choice made from available alternatives.

A(n) ______ is a graph of decisions and their possible consequences; it is used to create a plan to reach a goal.

Making a choice without the use of conscious thought or logical inference is known as ______.

What are some examples of business analytics?

During what is positive team spirit and striving for unanimity most likely to lead to poor decision making?

What are some example of the Delphi technique?

The ______ bias occurs when people seek information to support their point of view and discount data that do not.

Minority ______ occurs when a minority in a group publicly opposes the beliefs, attitudes, ideas, procedures or policies assumed by the majority of the group.

Sam is an experienced firefighter who must act quickly and decisively to do his job. He frequently relies on his ______ to make decisions when there isn't time for rational analysis.

What are some things that are included in Big Data?

The first step in the rational decision making process involves ______.

______ are strategies such as "rules of thumb" that simplify decision making.

What are some characteristics of all groups that can influence decision making?

The tendency of people to view events as being more predictable than they really are is referred to as ______ bias.

According to psychologist Danial Kahneman, what are some characteristics that describe System 2 thinking?

A data-mining technique used to predict future behavior and anticipate the consequences of change is known as ______ modeling.

Identify the three key attributes that Babson College's Working Knowledge Research Center found among analytics competitors.

When members are able to express their opinions and reach agreement to support the final decision, ______ occurs.

The ______ bias occurs when people's positive feeling about their own decision-making ability is greater than their objective accuracy.

The rational model of decision making explains how managers _______ make decisions based on logic that will be the optimum in furthering the organizations' best interest.

A choice made from among available alternatives

The process of identifying and choosing alternative courses of action

Intuitive and largely unconscious

Analytical and conscious

Explains how managers should make decisions; it assumes managers will make logical decisions that will be the optimum in furthering the organization's best interests.

Difficulties that inhibit the achievement of goals

Analyzing the underlying causes

Explain how mangers make decisions; they assume that decision making is nearly always uncertain and risky, making it difficult for managers to make optimal decisions

The concept suggests that the ability of decision makers to be rational is limited by numerous constraints

Managers seek alternatives until they find one that is satisfactory, not optimal

Someone trained about matters of ethics in the workplace, particularly about resolving ethical dilemmas

A graph of decisions and their possible consequences; it is used to create a plan to reach a goal

Questions a manager should ask before choosing an alternative.

The term used for sophisticated forms of business data analysis

A data-mining technique used to predict future behavior and anticipate the consequences of change

Includes not only data in corporate databases but also web-browsing data trails, social network communications, sensor data, and surveillance data

The process of examining large amounts of data of a variety of types to uncover hidden patterns, unknown correlations, and other useful information

Reflects the combination of how an individual perceives and responds to information

Action-Oriented decision maker who focus on facts

Careful decision makers who like lots of information and alternative choices

Decision makers who rely on intuition and have a long-term perspective

The most people-oriented decision makers

A manger decides to take no action in the belief that there will be no great negative consequences

A manager realizes that complete inaction will have negative consequences but opts for the first available alternative that involves low risk

A manager can't find a good solution and follow by procrastinating, passing the buck, or denying the risk of any negative consequences

A manager is so frantic to get rid of the problem that he or she can't deal with the situation realistically

A manager agrees that he or she must decide what to do about a problem or opportunity and takes effective decision-making steps

Managers use information readily available from memory to make judgements

The tendency to generalize from a small sample or a single event

When people seek information to support their point of view and discount data that do not

When managers add up all the money already spent on a project and conclude it is too costly to simply abandon it

The tendency to make decisions based on an initial figure

The bias in which people's subjective confidence in their decision making is greater than their objective accuracy.

The tendency of people to view events as being more predictable than they really are.

The tendency of decision makers to be influenced by the way a situation or problem is presented to them

Whereby decision makers increase their commitment to a project despite negative information about it

Advantages of Group Decision Making

Disadvantage of group decision making

Occurs when group members strive to agree for the sake of unanimity and thus avoid accurately assessing the decision situation

occurs when the primary goal is subsumed by a secondary goal

A group process that uses physically dispersed experts who fill out questionnaires to anonymously generate ideas; the judgments are combined and in effect averaged to achieve a consensus of expert opinion

A computer-based information system that provides a flexible tool for analysis and helps managers focus on the future