Chapter 6 Biology – Flashcards
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Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration is true?
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Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, and cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria.
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How do cells capture the energy released by cellular respiration?
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The produce ATP.
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Respiration ___________, and cellular respiration ____________.
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is gas exchange...produces ATP
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Which of the following are products of cellular respiration?
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energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide
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Which of the following statements regarding cellular respiration is false?
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Cellular respiration is a single chemical reaction with just one step.
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The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is
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C6H12O6 + 6 O2 ? 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy
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Humans use the calories they obtain from ______ as their source of energy.
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food
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A kilocalorie is defined as
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the quantity of the heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 Degree C
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During relox reactions,
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electrons are lost form one substrate and added to another substance.
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Oxidation is the ______, and reduction is the ________.
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loss of electrons...gain of electrons
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During cellular respiration, NADH
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delivers its electron load to the first electron carrier molecules.
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During cellular respiration, the energy in glucose
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is carried by electrons
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Humans use about ______ of their daily calories to maintain brain cells and power other life-sustaining activities.
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75%
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Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?
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glycolysis
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Pyruvate
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forms at the end of glycolysis
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When an organism such as a yeast lives by fermentation, if converts the pyruvate from glycolysis into a different compound, such as alcohol. Why doesn't if secrete the pyruvate directly?
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The conversion is needed to regenerate the molecules needed for glycolysis.
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How many molecules of NADH are produced during glycolysis?
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2
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As a result of glycolysis there is a net gain of _______ ATPs.
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2
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A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from skeletal muscle cells, However, the muscles still function. Physicians find that
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the muscles contain large amounts of lactate following even mild physical exercise.
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In fermentation ________ is ________.
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NADH...oxidized
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Yeasts can produce ATP by either fermentation or oxidative phosphorylation; thus, they are
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facullative anaerobes
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Which of the following is a result of glycolysis?
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conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds
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In yeast cells,
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alcohol is produced after glycolysis.
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Which of the following organisms can make organic molecules from water and carbon dioxide?
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wheat
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If you consume 1 g of each of the following, which will yield the most ATP?
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fat
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Which of the following statements regarding food is false?
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Food provides the raw materials for biosynthetic pathways that can produce sugar by a process that is the exact opposite of glycolysis.
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When a cell uses fatty acid for aerobic respiration, it first hydrolyzes fats to
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glycerol and fatty acids.
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To obtain energy from starch and glycogen, the body must begin by
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hydrolyzing both starch and glycogen to glucose.
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The end product of glycolysis include
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NADH
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Bacteria that are unable to survive in the presence of oxygen are called
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obligate anaerobes
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Oxidation is the _________, and reduction in the ______.
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loss of electrons...gain of electrons
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Which of the following options lists the stages in cellular respiration in the correct order?
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glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
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A drug is tested in the labratory and is found to create holes in both mitochondrial membranes. Scientists suspect that the drug will be harmful to human cells because it will inhibit
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the citric acid cycle and oxidation phosphorylation
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The enzymes of the citric acid cycle are located in the
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matrix and inner mitochondrial membrane
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The end products of the citric acid cycle include all of the following except
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pyruvate
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A culture of bacteria growing aerobiically is fed glucose containing radioactive carbon and is then examines. During the citric acid cycle, radioactivity would first appear in
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cirate
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At the end of the citric acid cycle, most of the energy remaining from the original glucose is stored in
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NADH
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During chemiosmosis
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ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a channel is ATP synthesis
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Which of the following statements about the inner mitochondrial membrane is false.
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The inner mitochondrial membrane plays a role in the production of pyruvate
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The mitochondrial cristae are an adaption that
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increased the space for more copies of the electron transport chain an ATP synthesis complexes
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By-products of cellular respiration include
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carbon dioxide and water
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in the electron transport chain, the final electron acceptor is
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and oxygen atom
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The function of enzyme A is the citric acid cycle is most like
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a limo driver dropping off a couple at the school prom
