question

Multitasking

answer

-1861: wilhelm wundt had never heard of multitasking -wundt was inspired by Bessel's work on the personal equation -wundt interested in whether one can attend to two stimuli at once

question

No multitasking involved: experiment

answer

Wundts attempt to tesy whether one person can perceive two stimuli at the same moment -stimuli: sound of a bell, sight of pendulum -subject: himself -conclusion: one cannot attend to twi stimuli simultaneously -both register sequentially -time for both stimuli register. 1/8th of second

question

GEDANKENMESSER

answer

THOUGHT METER, mind gauge and WUndt used it to measure the mental process of perceiving the two stimuli

question

Multitasking makes you stupid because

answer

we cannot effectively manage more than once cognitive task at a time

question

Wundt wrote

answer

consciousness hold only a single thought, a single perception. when it appears as if we have several percepts simultaneously, we deceived by their quick succession

question

Wundt was the founding father of

answer

psychology as a formal academic discipline, he established the first laboratory, edited the first journal, and began experimental psychology as a science.

question

Areas wundt investigated

answer

sensation and perception, attention, feeling, reaction, and association

question

Why have the honors for founding the new psychology fallen to wundt and not fetchner?

answer

the answer lies in the nature of the founding a school of thought. founding is the deliberate and intentional act. it involves personal abilities and characteristics that differ from those necessary for brillaint scientific contributions. founding requires the integration of prior knowledge and the publication and promotion of the newly organized material. Wundts contribution to the founding of modern psych stems not so much from unique idea of systematic experimentation. founding is different from originating. Fetchner was not trying to find a new science. his goal was to understand the relationship between the material and mental worlds. described a unified conception of mind and body that had a scientific basis

question

________ and ________ are both essential to the formation of a science, as indispensable as the architect in the builder in the construction of a house

answer

founders and originators

question

Wundt is the founder because

answer

he set out to find a new science. Wundts goal was to promote psychology as an independent science. He did not originate it though

question

Last half of the nineteenth century, the zeitgeist

answer

experimental methodology to problems of the mind

question

wundt began the longest and most important phase of his career in 1875 when he became

answer

a professor at the University of Leipzig-worked for 45yrs. Here he established the laboratory and founded the journal Philosophical Studies-the official publication of the new labs and the new science. Supposed to be called psychology studies and in 1906 changed it

question

Leipzig lab exerted immense

answer

influence on the development of modern psych

question

most of wundts book were translated to _____ than any other language

answer

russian

question

Wundt was a popular

answer

lecturer. one time his class had 600students

question

Cultural psychology

answer

dealt with the various stages of human mental development as manifested in language, art, myths, social customs, laws, and morals.

question

cultural psych served to divide the new science of psychology into two major parts

answer

the experimental and the social

question

Wundt believed that the simpler mental functions such as sensation and perception must be

answer

studied through laboratory methods

question

for investigating higher mental processes such as learning and memory

answer

scientific experimentation is impossible because these processes are conditioned by language and other aspects of our cultural training

question

Wundt thought higher thought processes could be approached

answer

only by the non-experimental means used in sociology, anthropology, and social psychology.

question

The most satisfying experience in wundts working life

answer

10years in cultural psychology but it had little impact on american psych

question

Reason for lack of interests in Wundts cultural psychology

answer

timing of its publications

question

Voluntarism

answer

came from the word volition, act of power or willing.the idea that the mind has the capacity to organize mental contents into higher lever thought processes.

question

Mediate experience

answer

provides information about something other than the elements of that experience

question

Wundt recognized that the elements of consciousness were

answer

basic. without the elements there would be nothing for the mind to organize

question

According to wundt psychologists should be concerned with

answer

the study of immediate experience rather than mediate experience.

question

Immediate experience

answer

is unbiased by interpretation

question

immediate experience of looking at a red flower is not the object itself but

answer

instead the experience of something that is read

question

Wundt thinks basic human experiences form

answer

the sate of consciousness that the mind actively organizes.

question

Wundts goals were to

answer

analyze the mind into its elements, its component parts, just as the natural scientists were working to break down their subject matter-the physical universe

question

Dimitri Mendeleev

answer

developing the periodic table of chemical elements supported Wundts aim.

question

Historians suggested wundt may have been striving to develop a the

answer

periodic table of the mind

question

Franz Brentano

answer

-Taught at Wurzburg -directly contradicted wundt -empirical study -

question

Introspection

answer

Examination of one's own mind to inspect and report on personal thoughts or feelings

question

Who originated Introspection

answer

not Wundt, but can be traced back to Socrates

question

Wundt's Goals of New Psychology

answer

-Analyze conscious processes into their basic elements -Discover how these elements are synthesized or organized -Determine laws of connection governing the organization of the elements

question

2 Elementary forms of Experience

answer

Sensations Feelings

question

Who suggested elementary forms of Experience

answer

Wundt

question

Tridimensional theory of feelings

answer

Wund's explanation for feeling states based on three dimensions: pleasure/displeasure, tension/relation, and excitement/depression

question

Wundts observation device of Tridemensional theory of feelings

answer

Metronome

question

Appreception

answer

The process by which mental elements are organized

question

Who said: "The whole is different form the sum of its parts"

answer

Gestalt psychologists

question

10 Years before Wundt died (German Psychology)

answer

3 Journals Several textbooks and laboratories

question

By 1925

answer

25 People in Germany identified as Psychologists only 14 of 23 universities had established separate psychology departments

question

Criticisms of Wundtian Psychology

answer

Criticism of introspection because we can not yield the same answers, because it is personal examination of one's own mind.

question

Wundtian Movement

answer

Natural outgrowth of the development of the physiological sciences, particularly in German Universities.

question

Who helped Wundt's work progress and move to the United States?

answer

The work of Charles Darwin and Francis Galton

question

Hermann Ebbinghaus

answer

-German Psychologist -Higher Mental Processes (memory) -1st Psychologist to investigate learning and memory -Proved Wundt Wrong on that point -Changed in which association, or learning, could be studied

question

University of Bonn, Halle, Berlin

answer

Ebbinghaus

question

Ebbinghaus' academic training

answer

Shifted from history and literature to philosophy

question

Military Service in Franco-Prussian war

answer

Ebbinghaus

question

Brentanos primary method for psychology

answer

observation. He considered an empirical approach to be generally broader scope bc it accepts data from observation and individual experience as well as from experimentation

question

Brentanos opposed Wundts

answer

fundamental idea that psychology should study the content of conscious experience

question

Brentanos argued the proper subject matter for psychology is

answer

mental activity, such as the mental action of seeing rather than the mental content of what a person sees

question

act psychology

answer

questioned the Wundtian view that mental processes involve contents or elements. brentanos system of psychology, which focused on mental activities rather than on mental content

question

Brentanos argued that a distinction should be drawn between

answer

experience as a structure or content and experience as an activity

question

EXAMPLE

answer

In looking at a red flower, the sensory content of redness is different from the act of experiencing or sensing redness

question

Brentano advanced two ways to study mental acts

answer

-through memory (recalling a mental process involved in a particular mental state) -through imagination (imagining a mental state and observing the accompanying mental processes)

question

Carl stumpf argued

answer

primary data for psych are phenomena

question

phenomena

answer

stumpfs inrtospective method that examined experience as it occurred and did not try to reduce experience to elementary components. Also an approach to knowledge based on an unbiased description of immediate experience as it occurs, not analyzed or reduced to elements

question

stumpf disagreed with wundt

answer

about breaking experience down into elements. Stumpf believed that to analyze experience by reducing it to mental contents or elements is to make that experience artificial and abstract and thus no longer natural

question

Edmund Hussel

answer

student of stumpfs proposed philosophy of phenomenology , considered a precursor of Gestalt psych

question

Stumpf founded

answer

the Berlin Association for Child Psychology and he published a theory of emotion that attempted to reduce feelings to sensations, and idea relevant to contemporary cognitive theories of emotion

question

Oswald Kulpe

answer

led a group of students in a protest movement against what he saw as the limitations of Wundtian psychology. Kulpe worked on problems that Wundt ignored

question

"kind mother"

answer

Oswald Kulpe, because he was always ready to help students with their problems

question

Kulpe diiferences with Wundt

answer

kulpe did not discuss the process of thought; at the time. Wundts view that it was impossible to experiment on the higher mental processes. couple yrs later kulpe was convinced that thought processes could indeed be studied experimentally

question

Systematic experimental introspection

answer

kulpes introspective method that used retrospective reports of subjects cognitive processes after they had comlpeted an experimental task

question

Imagless thought

answer

Kulpes idea that meaning in thought can occur without any sensory or imaginal component

question

karl Marbe

answer

on the comparative judgement of weights. Although sensations and images were present during the task, marbe found that thy seemed to play no part in the process of judgement Subjects were unable to report on how their judgment of lighter or heavier came into their minds

question

Henry Watt

answer

demonstrated that in a word association task, subjects had little relevant information to report their conscious process of judgment

question

Ebbinghaus' customary way to study learning

answer

to examine associations that were already formed

question

One of he greatest instances of original genius in Experimental Psychology

answer

Ebbinghaus' work on learning and forgetting

question

Nonsense syllables

answer

Syllables presented in a meaningless series to study memory

question

Length of syllables

answer

4,5, or 6 letters long

question

Ebbinghaus' languages

answer

-German -English -French -and studied Latin and Greek

question

Memorize one stanza (of 80 syllables)

answer

takes 9 readings to memorize

question

meaningless series of 80 syllables

answer

nearly 80 repetitions to memorize

question

Koing

answer

Physicist who confounded (with Ebbinghaus) journal called The journal of Psychology and Physiology of the Sense of Organs

question

How did ebbinghaus die

answer

Pneumonia

question

Ebbinghaus did not

answer

-did not make theoretical contributions -no formal system and no disciplines -did not found a school of thought, nor did he want to -only valued the imporatance of studying and learning

Chapter 4 hist and syst – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards