Chapter 4 Anatomy – Flashcards
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Voluntary muscle
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The thigh muscle is an example of
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Bone
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Tissue that forms cartilage gradually becomes impregnated with calcium salts
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Myocardium
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The thick, muscular layer of the heart wall
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Epithelial tissue
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A type of tissue found in membrane and glands
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Smooth muscle
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Visceral muscle is also known as
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Neuron
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A cell that carries nerve impulses is called a
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Connective tissue
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A tissue in which cells are separated by large amounts of acellular material called matrix
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Tendon
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A cord of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
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Capsule
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A tough membranous connective tissue that encloses an organ
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Fibrocartilage
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The cartilage found between the bones of the spine
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Collagen
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A fiber found in most connective tissues
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Chondrocyte
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A cell that synthesizes cartilage
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Hyaline cartilage
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A strong, gristly cartilage that reinforces the trachea
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Serous membrane
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An epithelial membrane that lines a body cavity or covers an internal organ
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Cutaneous membrane
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The epithelial membrane also known as the skin
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Mucous membrane
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A membrane that lines a space open to the outside of the body
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Visceral layer
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The portion of a serous membrane attached to an organ
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Parietal layer
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The portion of a serous membrane attached to the body wall
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Mesothelium
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The epithelial portion of serous membranes
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Serous pericardium
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The serous membrane covering the heart
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Superficial fascia
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The sheet of tissue that underlies the skin
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Synovial membrane
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The connective tissue membrane that lines joint cavities
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Deep fascia
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A tough membrane composed entirely of connective tissue that serves to anchor and support an organ or to cover a muscle
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Periosteum
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A layer of fibrous connective tissue around a bone
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Perichondrium
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The membrane that covers cartilage
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Epithelial membrane
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A general term describing a membrane composed of epithelial and connective tissue
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Connective tissue membrane
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A general term describing a membrane composed exclusively of connective tissue
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Benign
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Term for a tumor that does not spread
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Malignant
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Term for a tumor that spreads to other tissues
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Angioma
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The general term for a tumor composed of blood or lymphatic vessels
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Osteoma
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A benign connective tissue tumor that originates in a bone
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Adenoma
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A benign epithelial tumor that originates in a gland
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Sarcoma
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A malignant tumor originating in connective tissue
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Chondroma
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A tumor that originates in cartilage
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Nevus
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A small skin tumor that may become malignant
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Papilloma
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A wart is an example of this type of benign tumor
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Ultrasound
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Use of reflected high frequency sound waves to differentiate various kinds of tissue
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Computed tomography
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The use of x-rays to produce a cross sectional picture of body parts, such as the brain
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Magnetic resonance imaging
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The use of magnetic fields netic resonance imaging and radio waves to show changes in soft tissues
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Positron emission tomography
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Shows activity within an organ by computerized interpretation of radiation emitted. Used to diagnose lung and brain tumors
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Radiography
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Use of x rays to obtain images of internal structures
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Antineoplastic agents
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Drugs that act to greatest effect on actively growing cells, part of chemotherapy
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Staging
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Procedure for establishing the extent of tumor spread, both original site and other locations
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Metastasis
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Malignant cells spread to distant body regions
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Metastases
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New growths formed at other sites after spreading
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Meninges
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Several membranous layers covering the brain and spinal cord
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Pleurae
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Line the thoracic cavity and cover each lung
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Neuroglia
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Specialized nervous tissue cells
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Visceral muscle
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Smooth muscle; Digestive tract organs create this
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Hyaline cartilage
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Tough translucent material, gristle, covers ends of long bones and reinforces trachea
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Myelin
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coating that insulates and protects some neuron fibers
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Neoplasm
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Abnormal growth of cells
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Carcinoma
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Type of cancer that originates in epithelium and is by far the most common form of cancer
