Chapter 31: Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans – Flashcards

Which of the following is not considered part of the body plan of an organism? The segmentation of the body The larval morphology The structure of the body cavity External appendages The symmetry of the body

What is the main difference between a coelom and a pseudocoelom? A coelom is enclosed by muscles on the inside and the outside; a pseudocoelom is surrounded by muscle on the outside of the body cavity. A coelom is enclosed by muscles on the outside only; a pseudocoelom is enclosed by muscles on the inside only. None are correct A coelom does not have an enclosed body cavity; a pseudocoelom is completely surrounded by muscle. A coelom is enclosed by muscles on the inside only; a pseudocoelom is a solid structure.

Which of the following structures is not involved with some mechanism of movement in animals? Appendages Segmentation All of these structures are involved in movement. Cilia Fluid-filled coelom

Which of the following stages is not part of the typical life cycle of a butterfly? Larva Trochophore Pupa Adult Egg

The sponge body plan is characterized by muscles and spicules but no digestive cavity or nerves. a mouth, digestive cavity, and spicules. the lack of a mouth, digestive cavity, muscles, or nerves. muscles and nerves but no mouth or digestive cavity. a mouth and digestive cavity but no muscles or nerves.

An important factor contributing to the evolution of diversity among animals is the considerable variation in their: multicellularity cell junctions methods of food acquisition symmetry segmentation patterns

What are traits that distinguish the animals

have provided many clues to animal phylogeny

the first few divisions of a zygote

distinguish animal groups

patterns of cleavage are influenced by configuration of this

moderate yolk (see picture page 2)

much yolk

little yolk

the general structure, arrangement of organ systems, and integrated functioning parts, does not include Larval stage

five key features of a body plan

influences the way an animal moves

do not have enclosed body cavities

body cavity is a fluid filled space in which organs are suspended, muscles and mesoderm are only on the outside

body cavity that develops within the mesoderm, lined with a layer of muscle tissues called peritoneum/mesoderm which covers the organs, more control

have no organs

eat plants

camouflage/eat prey

multiple larval stages and hosts

eat dead material

live on or in another animal, the host, which is not killed

have multiple hosts

have multiple larval stages

there are about 11,000 of these species

corals found in tropical oceans

secrete calcium carbonate to form hard skeletons

reproduce sexually through radial symmetry