Chapter 3- Molecules of Life; Biology 003; Essentials of the Living Wolrd – Flashcards

Given the equation: galactose + glucose lactose + water, lactose is a ______. A) nucleic acid B) polypeptide C) dipeptide D) fatty acid E) disaccharide

By definition, what type of fatty acid has double bonds? A) monoglyceride B) unsaturated C) steroid D) saturated E) triglyceride

A single carbon atom can form a maximum of ______ covalent bond(s). A) none; carbon only participates in ionic bonds B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4

Which of the following is a health effect of a diet high in saturated fats? A) decreased risk of atherosclerosis B) decreased risk of stroke C) increased risk of heart attack D) increased blood flow E) increased life span

DNA nucleotides include ______. A) thymine, guanine, adenine, and uracil B) thymine, guanine, uracil, and cytosine C) uracil, guanine, adenine, and cytosine D) thymine, uracil, adenine, and cytosine E) thymine, guanine, adenine, and cytosine

______ is a steroid. A) Amino acid B) Estrogen C) Butter D) Sucrose E) Unsaturated fat

What is the name given to the reaction that breaks peptide bonds? A) dehydration reaction B) anabolism C) denaturation D) hydrogenation E) hydrolysis

What name is given to the following reaction? galactose + glucose lactose + water A) hydrogenation B) glycolysis C) dehydration reaction D) gluconeogenesis E) hydrolysis

What name is given to the following reaction? glycerol + 3 fatty acids triglyceride + 3 water molecules A) hydrolysis B) denaturation C) catabolism D) hydrogenation E) dehydration reaction

Sometimes when I have my morning coffee, which I drink black with no sugar, I notice a thin film floating on top of the coffee. Since I have just read Chapter 3 of the text I now realize the nature of this substance and so I run to my wife screaming, "Look at this ______ in my coffee!" A) hydrophobic substance B) nucleotide C) hydrophilic substance D) hydrocarbon E) enzyme

Which component of the following reaction is the enzyme? lactose + lactase + water lactase + glucose + fructose A) water B) lactase C) glucose D) fructose E) lactose

Carbohydrates typically include ______. A) an NH2 group B) C, H, and O atoms C) a PO4 group D) a hydrocarbon chain E) a 5-carbon ring

Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide? A) starch B) maltose C) glucose D) sucrose E) fructose

Animals store carbohydrates as ______. A) cellulose B) glycogen C) maltose D) glucose E) starch

Which of the following is hydrophilic? A) cellulose B) testosterone C) butter D) cholesterol E) polyunsaturated fatty acids

How does RNA differ from DNA? A) In RNA G pairs with T; in DNA G pairs with C. B) RNA is double-stranded; DNA is single-stranded. C) RNA is a polymer of amino acids; DNA is a polymer of nucleotides. D) RNA contains one less —OH than does DNA. E) RNA contains uracil; DNA contains thymine.

The linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is referred to as its ______ structure. A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) pentamerous E) quaternary

If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence AGTACTG, what will be the sequence of the other strand? A) AGTACTG B) GTCATGA C) TCATGAC D) CTACAGT E) GACGTCA

Saturated fats are saturated with ______. A) phosphorus B) oxygen C) carbon D) hydrogen E) nitrogen

What name is given to the following reaction? sucrose + water glucose + fructose A) dehydration reaction B) anabolism C) glucogenesis D) hydrolysis E) denaturation

Table sugar is ______. A) lactose B) fructose C) maltose D) glucose E) sucrose

In the following reaction, galactose is a ______. galactose + glucose lactose + water A) polymer B) polysaccharide C) protein D) monomer E) lipid

Proteins are polymers constructed from ______ monomers. A) fatty acid B) hydrocarbon C) amino acid D) 5-carbon ring E) nucleotide

Cellulose is an example of ______. A) fat B) a steroid C) fiber D) a nucleic acid E) a polypeptide

Enzymes are ______. A) proteins B) monosaccharides C) phospholipids D) steroids E) fats

Which of the following are isomers? A) sucrose and lactose B) glucose and fructose C) glucose and sucrose D) sucrose and glucose E) lactose and maltose

A glycerol with three fatty acids attached is referred to as a ______. A) steroid B) protein C) prostaglandin D) nucleic acid E) fat

A protein's function is dependent on its ______. A) size B) temperature C) weight D) p H E) shape

Destruction of a protein's shape is called ______. A) a dehydration reaction B) denaturation C) hydrolysis D) anabolism E) hydrogenation

A fat that is hydrogenated is ______. A) more solid B) more unsaturated C) easier to digest D) less likely to cause strokes E) likely to go bad faster