Chapter 29 – Flashcards

A political orientation of a people or a government to maintain a strong military force and to be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests

An alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy in the years before WWI

Emperor of Germany during World War I

An alliance between Great Britain, France and Russia in the years before WWI

Imperialism was the most significant because it drove countries to the brink of war but not all the way to war.

The first force was militarism. As early as 1895, Frédéric Passy, a prominent peace activist, expressed this concern: "The entire able-bodied population are preparing to massacre one another, everybody protests his love of peace [but] it only requires some unforeseen incident . . . for the spark to fall." The other force at work was the tangled alliance system that had arisen because of growing rivalries and mutual mistrust. A third factor was nationalism. Bosnia nationalism led to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

By 1907, two rival camps existed in Europe. On one side was the Triple Alliance, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. On the other side was the Triple Entente, Great Britain, France, and Russia.

The assassination of the heir to the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and his wife, Sophie. On June 28, 1914, the couple paid a state visit to Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia. The royal pair was shot at point-blank by Gavrilo Princip, a 19-year-old Serbian and member of the nationalistic Black Hand.

Imperialism

Yes they had the most uprisings which the group that killed Sophie and Ferdinand were a part of.

No there were too many forces pushing towards it to be stopped.

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire

France, Great Britain, Russia

The front of war between France and Germany

The German plan to defeat France quickly in the West and the fight Russia in the East

The style of warfare where sides fought from opposing trenches

The front of war between Russia and Germany

In the trenches, there were poor conditions such as drowning if it rained, lack of sanitation, and being covered in mud.

The Central Powers were Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire. The Allies were Great Britain, France, Russia, and later, Italy.

Soldiers fought each other from trenches and armies traded huge losses of human life for pitifully small land gains. life in the trenches was miserable: lived in mud, rats, no fresh food, and lacked sleep.

Their lack of modernization and surviving the terrain.

The Western Front was a more mobile war with more substantial land gains. The Eastern Front was trench warfare over small land.

It collapsed because they incorrectly assumed the French would be easy to defeat.

In verdun British attacked germans but each side lost more than 300,000 men. in somme, in the first day alone more than 20,000 British soldiers were killed and by the end of the battle each side suffered 1/2 million casualties.

the use of submarines to sink without warning any ship (including neutral ships and unarmed passenger liners) found in an enemy's waters.

A war that involves the complete mobilization of resources and people, affecting the lives of all citizens in the warring countries, even those remote from the battlefields.

Restricting the amount of food and other goods people may buy during wartime to assure adequate supplies for the military

Ideas, information, or rumors designed to persuade and spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause.

a temporary peace agreement to end fighting

The biggest effect I think was that of the economy. It cost them $338 billion, and destroyed villages, homes, and towns

One factor was unrestricted submarine warfare on US civilian ships. Another factor was ties to Britain. The last factor was the Zimmerman telegram in which Germany tried to ally with Mexico against the USA. This telegram pushed the U.S. into war.

Total war meant that governments turned to help from women as never before. Thousands of women replaced men in factories, offices, and shops. Women built tanks and munitions, plowed fields, paved streets, and ran hospitals.

The Second Battle of the Marne caused the Central Powers to collapse. In July 1918, the Allies and Germans clashed at the Second Battle of the Marne. Leading the Allied attack were some 350 tanks that rumbled slowly forward, smashing through the German lines. With the arrival of 2 million more American troops, the Allied forces began to advance steadily toward Germany. The war would soon be over.

Most countries around the world were effected by the conflict even if they were not located in Europe. Economies were effected all over the world from it and changes were made in governments through revolutions.

I don't think that the government should censor wars because then people don't know what's actually going on and can't form an opinion on it

America had the greatest effect on the war because it gave the alies enough soldiers to be able to defeat Germany

region in Ottoman empire that the allies attacked

gateway to Ottoman empire

Woodrow Wilson (US), Georges Clemenceau (France), David Lloyd George (Great Britain), and Vittorio Orlando (Italy)

Wilson had drawn up before the war had ended

end of secret treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade

suggestions for changing borders and creating new nations. The idea behind this was self determination - allowing people to decide for themselves what government they wished to have