Chapter 26: The Urinary System – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Which is not a major function of the kidney?
answer
regulation of blood cell size
question
This is the formation of a new glucose molecule.
answer
gluconeogenesis
question
Which of the following is a waste product normally excreted by the kidneys?
answer
urea
question
This is smooth dense irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the outer coat of the ureter.
answer
renal capsule
question
The portion of the kidney that extends between the renal pyramids is called the
answer
renal columns
question
Which is the correct order of blood flow through the kidneys?
answer
interlobar arteries > arcuate arteries > glomerular capillaries > arcuate veins
question
Which is the correct order of filtrate flow?
answer
glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule (DCT), collecting duct
question
Which structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances?
answer
proximal convoluted tubule
question
This is the structure of the nephron that filters blood.
answer
renal corpuscle
question
This term means the return of substances into the blood stream from the filtrate.
answer
reabsorption
question
This is a nephron process that results in a substance in blood entering the already formed filtrate.
answer
secretion
question
The proximal convoluted tubules reabsorb which percentage of filtered water?
answer
65%
question
Which of the following is NOT a way angiotensin II affects the kidneys?
answer
It increases GFR
question
Increased secretion of hydrogen ions into urine would result in a(n) ______________ of blood ____________?
answer
increase, pH
question
An analysis of the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine is called
answer
urinalysis
question
Water accounts for which percentage of the total volume of urine?
answer
95%
question
This transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.
answer
Ureter
question
This lies in the anterior corner of the trigone of the bladder.
answer
Internal urethral orifice
question
Anorexia, starvation, or a diet too low in carbohydrates indicates which condition?
answer
ketonuria
question
This substance gives bile its major pigmentation:
answer
bilirubin
question
These are tiny masses of material, hardened in the lumen of the urinary tubule and are flushed out when filtrate builds up behind them:
answer
casts
question
Candida albicans and E. coli are which type of abnormal constituent of urine:
answer
microbes
question
Which is the normal pH range of urine in humans?
answer
4.6 - 8.0
question
What is the normal volume of urine produced in humans?
answer
2L / day
question
This hormone is released when the blood volume increases.
answer
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
question
In males, both the urinary system and the _________ use the urethra.
answer
reproductive system
question
Excessive calcium ingestion and low water intake can lead to which condition?
answer
renal calculi
