Chapter 26: Nutrition and Metabolism – Flashcards
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Stimulation of Hunger
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Stomach release ghrelin, Neuropeptide Y release, awakening from an evening of fasted sleep
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Stimulation of Satiety
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Large intestine release PPY, Adipose tissue release leptin, Small intestine release CCK, Pancreas release insulin, Melanocortin release, eating a large meal, absorptive state
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Water soluble vitamins
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Ascorbic acid, Thiamine, Niacin, Riboflavin, Folic acid
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Fat soluble vitamins
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Vitamin A, D, E and K. Calcitriol
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Essential nutrients
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Calcium, Isoleucine, Lysine, Fluoride, Phenylalanine
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Non essential nutrients
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Glucose, Cholesterol, Glutamine, Histidine, Proline
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Which of the following statements regarding cholesterol is true?
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The best way to lower your body's cholesterol level is to eliminate cholesterol from your diet. Vigorous exercise can lower serum cholesterol levels. Cigarette smoking can increase the levels of LDLs in the blood. A diet low in saturated fat will lower serum cholesterol more than a diet low in actual cholesterol.
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Vitamin C
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Ascorbic acid, Deficiency would cause connective tissue disorders, assists in the synthesis in the protein that binds oxygen, may help prevent cancer by neutralizing free radicals, deficiency causes bleeding gums.
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Vitamin B
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abundant in red meat, Niacin, Thiamine, assist enzymes in allowing chemical reactions to occur
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the absorptive and post-absorptive states?
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During the absorptive state nutrients may be used immediately to meet energy demands. Blood glucose drops dramatically during the absorptive state.
Gluconeogenesis most likely occurs at least 4 hours after the last meal.
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Which of the following is a principal source of body heat?
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Muscle contraction, evaporation and bone density
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During exercise, skeletal muscles are responsible for about 30 to 40 times as much heat as the rest of the body. However, during rest, the heat from skeletal muscles is negligible.
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False
