Chapter 19 The Heart – Flashcards
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The region between the right and left pleural cavities is the
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Pulmonary cavity
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The heart chamber that receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins.
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left atrium
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The heart chamber that receives blood from the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus.
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Left atrium
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Threadlike structures of the endocardium that prevent prolapse of the atrioventricular valves.
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chordae tendineae
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The valve responsible for preventing backflow of blood from the lungs into the heart.
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Pulmonary semilunar valve
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Contraction of these structures tightens the chordae tendineae, preventing valve prolapse.
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Papillary muscles
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Cells of the conducting system located between the AV node and bundle branches.
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atrioventricular bundle
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Large cardiac cells of the conducting system embedded in the ventricular walls between the endocardium and myocardim.
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atrioventricular bundle
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Parasympathetic impulses to the SA node are transmitted on this cranial nerve.
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Vagus nerve
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Death of heart musculature due to lack of oxygen.
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myocardial infaction
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The pericardial cavity lies between
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the parietal pericardium and the visceral pericardium
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The inner endothelial layer that line the heart is the
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endocardium
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Which of the following vessels does not carry oxygen-poor blood to the heart?
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the pulmonary vein
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The superior corner of the right atrium of the heart is located at the
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costal cartilage of the third rib whrere it attaches to the sternum.
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The auricles are
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earlike flaps on the surface of the atria
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What structures anchor the choreae tendineae?
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papillary muscles
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Which of the following structures is not found in the left ventricle?
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the pectinate muscles
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The right ventricle pumps blood into which vessel?
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the pulmonary trunk
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A drop of blood returning to the heart from the head region would enter theheart through which vessel?
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the superior vena cava
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Semilunar valves are located
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between the ventricles and the great arteries
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What is the effect of the parasympathetic fibers carried by the vagus nerve?
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They slow the heartbeat.
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Which vessel returns most of the venous blood from the heart to the right atrium?
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the coronary vein
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During ventricular systole, blood is
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forced from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary trunk
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Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the
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left atrium
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The term for pain caused by deficient blood delivery to the heart wall is
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angina pectoris
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Blood is carried to capillaries in the myocardium by way of the
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coronary arteries
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Which of the following veins does not deliver blood directly to the right atrium?
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the great cardiac veins
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Oxygen-poor blood returns to the heart and enters the
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right atrium
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The epicardium is the same as the
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visceral layer of the serous pericardium
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The heart chamber with the thickest wall is the
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left ventricle
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the heart chamber that pumps oxygenated blood around the systematic circuit is the
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left ventricle
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If the beating heart makes a lub-dup sound the dup sound is caused by
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vibrations that result from the semilunar valves slamming shut
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Of the three layers of the heart wall, the layer that contains the cardiac muscle is the
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myocardium
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There is a foramen ovale in the skull and another one in the heart. The foramen ovale in the heart gives rise to the
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fossa ovalis
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the "heartstrings" are
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chordae tendineae
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The semilunar valves are closed when
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the ventricles are relaxing
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The atriventriclar node is located in the
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inferior part of the interatrial septum.
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The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right ventricular wall so that it can
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pump blood with greater pressure
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During left ventricular systole, blood exits the heart to enter the
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aorta
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The tricuspid valve is closed
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when the ventricle is in systole
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In the pericardial sac, the ____ lies directly deep to the fibrous pericardium.
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parietal layer of the serous percardium
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The cardiac centers that control heart rate are located in the
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medulla oblongata of the brain stem
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The correct sequence of heart wall layers from superficial to deep is epicardium, endocardium, and myocardium.
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FALSE
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Papillary muscles are horizontal ridges in the walls of the atrium.
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FALSE
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Oxygen-rich blood returning from the lungs enters the left atrium through two right and two left pulmonary veins.
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TRUE
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Contraction of the hearts proceeds first on the right side of the heart and second on the left.
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FALSE
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The electrical event that begins each heartbeat occurs at the sinoatrial node
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TRUE
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Contraction of the ventricles begins at the apex and proceeds superiorly.
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TRUE
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The right and left coronary arteries arise from the descending aorta.
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FALSE
