Flashcards About Chapter 18
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The urban heat island effect is caused by _____?
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Heat generating buildings, and dark, heat absorbing surfaces
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The ecological footprint of a large city is ____ then/as the surrounding rural area?
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Much higher
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In developing nations, such as India and Nigeria _____?
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Rural people are moving to the cities in large numbers
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_____ classifies areas for different types of land use?
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Zoning
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What is the light-rail system?
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A smaller public rail system powered by electricity
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A resource sink is _____?
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An area that produces almost none of the things it needs
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The greatest general problem with suburbs is _______?
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That they spread environmental impact over a larger area
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Throughout history, all cities have ________?
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Drawn resources from surrounding areas by trade, persuasion or conquest
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Around the world, most major cities are situated _____?
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Along rivers, oceans, roads or train routes
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American cities in the northern US such as Chicago, Illinois, ______?
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Have steadily lost population over the past 40 years
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The World's urban populations are ______?
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Growing faster than the population as a whole
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People who live entirely within an urban environment ______?
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May become disconnected from nature and from the true costs of their needs and activities
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What does UGB refer to in city planning?
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Urban Growth Boundary
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People who seek to improve resource sustainability of our cities urge us to ____?
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Use renewable energy sources and recycle materials
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Sprawl is the spread of ____ urban or suburban development outward from an urban center.
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Low density
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Two components of sprawl are ______?
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Human population growth and per capita land consumption
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What type of specialist has the job of advising policy makers on development, transportation, and parks?
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Urban planners
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Which of the following follows the philosophy of \"building up, not out\"?
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Smart growth
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Part of a stimulus bill, congress set aside $8 billion in 2009 for _____?
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Development of high-speed rail systems
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Which of the following is a problem that occurs within cities because of the concentrated use of energy in buildings and vehicles and the large amount of dark paved surfaces that absorb solar energy?
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The urban heat island effect
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Which of the following consume the bulk of the electricity used in the US?
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Non-green buildings
