Chapter 16 – Digestive System – Flashcards
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The oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and anus are lined by
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stratified squamous epithelium
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Most nutrient absorption takes place in the ________.
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small intestine
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Functions of the large intestine include
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reabsorption of water and compaction of feces
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Salivary amylase functions to digest
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carbohydrates
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Chewing is called
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mastication
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Which phase of swallowing begins with compression of the bolus against the hard palate?
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buccal
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The parietal cells of the stomach secrete ______________, while the chief cells secrete ______________.
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intrinsic factor and HCl; pepsinogen
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Rugae are
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mucosal ridges in the stomach
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What is the purpose of bile?
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emulsification
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The pancreas produces which of the following?
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carbohydrates
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Enzymatic breakdown of which of the following compounds doesn't begin until it reaches the stomach?
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proteins
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Which of the following enzymes is important for breaking down protein?
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pepsin
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Which of the following enzymes is important for the digestion of fat?
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pancreatic lipase
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In the small intestine, which of the following enzymes breaks down maltose?
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glucoamylase
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The breakdown products of which of the following are absorbed into lacteals?
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fats
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What are absorbed into lacteals because they are too large to pass through the basement membrane of a capillary and into the blood?
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chylomicrons
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Which of the following is a source of dietary fiber and promotes timely movement through the colon?
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cellulose
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What is not digested and is used as a source of dietary fiber?
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polysaccharide
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In what portion of the gastrointestinal tract does most salt and water absorption occur?
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small intestine
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Where are the enzymes for digestion of disaccharides and small polypeptides located?
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brush border
