Chapter 15 section 2 – Flashcards
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Gene pool
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Picture of all the alleles in a gene pool
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Allelic frequency
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The percentage of alleles in the gene pool
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Genetic equilibrium
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The frequency of alleles that remain the the same
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Genetic drift
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Disrupts the populations genetic equilibrium
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Stabilizing selection
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A natural selection that favors average individuals in a population
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Directional selection
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When natural selection favors one of the extreme variations
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Disruptive selection
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Individuals with either extreme of a traits variations are selected
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Speciation
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The evolution of new species
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Geographic isolation
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When a physical barrier divides a population
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Reproductive isolation
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When formerly interbrreding organisms csn no longer mate and produce fertile offspring
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Polyploid
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Species with a multiple of the normal set of chromosomes
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Gradualism
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Idea that species originate through a gradual change of adaptations
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Punctuated equilibrium
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Speciation occurs relatively quickleu , in rapid bursts, with long period of genetic equilibrium
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Adaptive radiation
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When an ancestral species evolves into an array of species to fit a nukber of diverse habitats
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Divergent evolution
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The pattern of evolution in which species that once were similar to an ancestral species diverge , or become increasingly distinct
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Convergent évolution
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A pattern of evolution in which distantly related organisms evoke similar traits
