Chapter 14 Vocab – AP World History – Flashcards
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kuriltai
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Meeting of all Mongol chieftains at which the supreme ruler of all tribes was selected
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khagan
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Title of the supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes
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tumens
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Basic fighting units of the Mongol forces; consisted of 10,000 cavalrymen; each unit was further divided into units of 1000, 100 and 10
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Karakorum
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Capital of the Mongol empire under Chinggis Khan, 1162 to 1227
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Batu
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ruler of the Golden Horde; one of Chinggis Khan's grandsons; responsible for invasion of Russia beginning in 1236
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Ogedei
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(1186-1241) Third son of Chinggis Khan; succeeded Chinggis Khan as khagan of the Mongols following his father's death
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Golden Horde
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One of the four subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan's death, orignally ruled by his grandson Batu; territory covered much of what is today south central Russia
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khanates
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Four regional Mongol kingdoms that arose following the death of Chinggis Khan
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Battle of Kulikova
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Russian army victory over the forces of the Golden Horde; helped break Mongol hold over Russia
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Prester John
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In legends popular from 12th to 17th centuries, a mythical Christian monarch whose kingdom was cut off from Europe by Muslim conquests; Chinggis Khan was originally believed to be this mythical ruler
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Baibars
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(1223-1277) Commander of Mamluk forces at Ain Jalut in 1260; originally enslaved by Mongols and sold to Egyptians
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Berke
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(1257-1266) A ruler of the Golden Horde; converted to Islam; his threat to Hulegu combined with the growing power of Mamluks in Egypt forestalled further Mongol conquests into the Middle East
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Kubilai Khan
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(1215-1294) Grandson of Chinggis Khan; commander of Mongol forces responsible for conquest of China; became khagan in 1260; established Sinicized Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1271
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Tatu
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Mongol capital of Yuan dynasty; present-day Beijing
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Chabi
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Influential wife of Kubilai Khan; promoted interests of Buddhists in China; indicative of refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Chinese; died c. 1281
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The Romance of the West Chamber
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Chinese novel written during the Yuan period; indicative of continued literary vitality of China during Mongol rule
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White Lotus Society
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Secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty in China; typical of peasant resistance to Mongol rule
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Ju Yuanzhang
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(1368-1398) Chinese peasant who led successful revolt against Yuan; founded Ming dynasty
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Ming dynasty
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Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China
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Timur-i Lang
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Also known as Tamerlane; leader of Turkic nomads; beginning in 1360s from base at Samarkand, launched series of attacks in Persia, the Fertile Crescent, India, and southern Russia; empire disintegrated after his death in 1405
