question

Hiram Revels

answer

one of the African American Senators who was an ordained minister who had recruited African Americans for the Union Army

question

carpetbaggers

answer

Republican supporters who were named carpetbaggers because some arrived with their belongings in cheap suitcases made of carpet fabric

question

Freedmen's Bureau

answer

1. distributed food and clothing 2. served as an employment agency 3. set up hospitals 4. developed schools

question

Ku Klux Klan

answer

secret society who used fear and violence to deny rights to freedmen and women

question

sharecropping

answer

most common form of farmwork for freedmen and individuals; a landowner rented a plot of land from them with a crude shack, seeds, and tools and perhaps a mule and receives a share of the crop

question

Blanche K Bruce was an African American________ elected from Mississippi before 1880.

answer

senator

question

People whom former Confederates called "scalawags" and "carpetbaggers" were supporters of what political party during Reconstruction?

answer

Republican Party

question

Many southerners saw the ______ as a way to defend against Republican rule.

answer

Ku Klux Klan

question

About how many new schools had been established in the South by 1870?

answer

4000

question

Why was sharecropping a difficult arrangement?

answer

they didn't pay their rent in cash; they paid on seeds, animals, fertilizer and tools

question

Some African Americans along with _______ Northerners and white________who opposed the __________ served in government; other Southerners used______to prevent ____________ from exercising their __________.

answer

white; southerners; confederacy; violence; African Americans; rights

question

What group in Congress opposed President Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction?

answer

Radical Republicans thought it was too mild. It favored a more radical approach.

question

What were the black codes?

answer

laws that aimed to control freedmen and women

question

Why did President Johnson veto the Freedman's Bureau bill and the civil rights bill?

answer

He argued that the federal government was beyond its federal authority.

question

How was the Tenure of Office Act designed to limit the president's power?

answer

It prohibited the President from removing government officials and members of his own cabinet without Senates approval

question

What did the House of Representatives do when Johnson suspended Secretary of War Edwin Stanton?

answer

They voted to impeach the president

question

Why were secret societies like the Ku Klux Klan formed?

answer

To intimidate African Americans from voting

question

How did the Ku Klux Klan help Democrats regain power in the South after the Amnesty Act was passed in 1872?

answer

By terrorizing Republican voters

question

What was the movement called that looked to create industrial development and progress in the South?

answer

New South

question

15th Amendment

answer

gave African American men the right to vote

question

segregation

answer

the legal separation of blacks and whites in public places

question

Jim Crow Laws

answer

laws that forced segregation

question

The supreme court ruled segregation to be legal in what court case?

answer

Plessy v. Ferguson

question

What was promised to ex African Americans slaves during the Reconstruction? Was it true?

answer

they were promised 40 acres of land and a mule Unfortunately the government never came through with their promise

question

what was the first point of debt for the sharecropper?

answer

when the landowner extends credit for food, clothes and other items

question

how much did the sharecropper get pain for working the land?

answer

the sharecropper got no pay

question

what effect does adding interest have on the sharecropper's debt?

answer

the sharecropper will have to keep owing more money

question

How could sharecroppers still be in debt even after the crop was sold?

answer

it has been so long since the crop grew, so they were paying more and more to the sharecropper and using credit

question

How did sharecropping restrict the opportunities of freedmen to become economically independent?

answer

The sharecroppers could never pay off their debt. So they couldn't leave.

question

bayonet rule

answer

the use of federal troops to support Reconstruction government

question

Bessemer process

answer

to inexpensively produce steel from iron

question

Henry Grady

answer

editor of the Atlanta Constitution; and headed a group that urged Southerners to "out-Yankee the Yankees" and build a "New South"

question

literacy test

answer

a test in which they had to read and explain difficult parts of state constitutions or the federal constitution

question

redeemers

answer

democrats who were called this because they had "redeemed" or saved the south from Republican rule

question

How did Plessy v. Ferguson hurt African Americans?

answer

the facilities were separate but in no way equal.

question

What were the consequences of the 1872 Amenesty Act for the South?

answer

the amnesty act changed political balance in the south by restoring full rights to people who supported the democratic party

question

The election of President______ signaled the end of Reconstruction in the South

answer

Hayes

question

Poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses were designed to keep African Americans from ______

answer

voting

question

_________ were issued by Southern states to form a segregated society and keep the races separate

answer

Jim Crow Laws

question

As support for _________ weakened, _______regained power in the _______. Reconstruction ended because of the political compromise that allowed _______ to become president.

answer

Reconstruction, Democrats, south, Rutherford B Hayes

question

What did the 13th Amendment provide?

answer

It provided freedom to slaves.

question

What was the Freedmen's Bureau and what was its goal?

answer

An agency of the War Department set up in 1865 to assist freed slaves in obtaining relief, land, jobs, fair treatment, and education. Their goal was to oversee the transition from slavery to freedom.

question

How did some Southerners try to maintain control over freed people?

answer

Southerners told African Americans they couldn't leave plantations. Refused to rent land to Freedmen. Refused blacks credit and work. Fear and violence to keep blacks in line.

question

Identify the three groups that made up the Southern Republican Party

answer

Southern whites who supported Republican policies Northern whites living in the South African Americans who were overwhelmingly Republican

question

Why were the political ideas of the Radical Republicans difficult to carry out in the South?

answer

The political ideas of the Radical Republicans were strict policies of slavery. Many Southerners still refused to accept abolishing slavery in the 14th Amendment and believed African Americans should not have equal rights.

question

What role did African Americans play in early Reconstruction politics in the South?

answer

African Americans played important roles as both voters and as officials in early Reconstruction.

question

What tactics did the Ku Klux Klan use to terrorize people and influence elections in the South?

answer

Ku Klux Klan used fear and violence to deny rights to freed men and women. They wore white sheets and hoods and killed many African Americans they also beat and wounded and burnt down African Americans homes, schools and churches.

question

Why was the presidential election of 1876 controversial? Who won?

answer

Democrat Samuel Tilden appeared to have more electoral votes than Hayes, but Republican Hayes ended up winning because Congress appointed a commission of 15 men to make a decision to review the election results. 7 Rep and 7 Dem with 1 independent- the independent quit and replaced with a Republican which let the commission appoint Hayes as President.

question

How did the poll tax and literacy tests restrict voting rights?

answer

African Americans were unable to afford the tax that you had to pay before voting and African Americans were unable to read or write because of little education so they couldn't take the literacy test before voting.

question

Explain how the Amnesty Act helped the Democratic Party regain its strength.

answer

The Amnesty changed the political balance in the South by restoring full rights to people who supported the Democratic Party, they also had Ku Klux Klan terrorize Republican voters.

question

What were the Jim Crow laws?

answer

Laws that required African Americans and whites to be separated in almost every public place where they might come in contact with each other.

question

. What did the ruling in the Plessy v. Ferguson case state?

answer

Court ruled that segregation was legal as long as African Americans had access to public facilities or accommodations equal to those of whites.

question

What was one problem with the "separate but equal" ruling?

answer

? Southern states spent much more money on schools and other facilities for whites than on those for African Americans.

question

What kept Southern agriculture from advancing?

answer

much of the land went to sharecropping and tenant farming

question

What was the biggest disappointment of the Reconstruction era?

answer

it did not make good on the promise of true freedom for freed African Americans

question

During Reconstruction the Republican dominated Southern politics

answer

true

question

Between 1869 and 1880 six African American served in the house of Representatives

answer

false

question

Blanche k Bruce was an African American senator from missouri

answer

true

question

Fredrick Douglass supported the 15th Amendment guaranteeing African American men the right to vote

answer

true

question

Fredrick douglass supported President Johnson's Reconstruction program

answer

false

question

southern whites republicans were known as copperheads

answer

false

question

northern whites living in the south who were republican supporters were called carpetbaggers

answer

true

question

the kkk used fear and violence to deny rights to freed men and women

answer

true

question

reconstruction government created public school systems for both races, but African americans and white student generally attended different schools

answer

true

question

the most common form of farm work for freed individuals was sharecropping

answer

true

question

Ku Klux Klan

answer

Secret society organized after the Civil War to threaten freedmen and reassert white supremacy by means of violence

question

sharecropping

answer

System of farming in which a farmer works land for an owner who provides equipment and seeds and receives a share of the crop

question

Rutherford B. Hayes

answer

1877-1881; Republican; Ohio governor; 19th President; champion of political reform; he had a reputation for honesty and he held moderate views on Reconstruction

question

Jim Crow Laws

answer

State laws in the South that legalized segregation

question

Amnesty Act

answer

1872 was a U.S. federal law that removed voting restrictions and office holding disqualification against most of the secessionists who rebelled in the American Civil War except for some 500 military leaders of the Confederacy

question

Hiram Revels

answer

African American who served in the Senate between 1869-1880; he was an ordained minister who had recruited African Americans for the Union Army

question

Frederick Douglass

answer

Was a slave for 21 years before escaping to the North; speaker for the American Anti-Slavery Society; spoke against slavery; supported the Radical Republic Plan

question

Blanche K. Bruce

answer

African American senator; former runaway slave; taught in African American school in Missouri; elected to Senate in 1874

question

Horace Greeley

answer

Newspaper editor from New York to run against Grant in the 1872 presidential election. Liberal Republicans nominated him along with some Democrats

question

W.E.B. Du Bois

answer

African American writer and civil rights leader

question

segregation

answer

The separation or isolation of a race, class or group

question

lynching

answer

Putting to death a person by the illegal action of a mob

question

scalawag

answer

Name given by former Confederates to Southern whites who supported Republican Reconstruction of the South

question

carpetbagger

answer

Name given to Northern whites who moved South after the Civil war and supported the Republicans

chapter 14 section 3,4 – Flashcards

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