Chapter 14 APES – Flashcards

What is the first step of treating wastewater at a municipal sewage treatment plant? Solid waste material settles out. Bacteria breaks down organic matter. Pathogens are killed with ultraviolet light or chemicals. Water is removed from sludge. Water undergoes aeration to reduce offensive odors.

What substance is believed to be responsible for the development of eggs in the testes of some male fish? Perchlorates DDT PCBs Synthetic estrogens PBDEs

Which is a heavy metal associated with burning coal? Lead Mercury Carbon Uranium Sulfur

Your family owns a well, which is the source of your household's water. If you want to test the water to make sure it is safe, which microorganism would be a good indicator that the water is contaminated with sewage? MRSA Estrogen West Nile Virus E. Coli Phosphorous

Which toxic substance can be found in the water of buildings with old plumbing systems? Radon Mercury Methane Lead Arsenic

Acid deposition from SO2 emissions occurs only as particles that attach to the surfaces of plants. as acid rain and acid snow. as acid rain only. as acid rain, acid snow, or dry-acid deposition. as gasses that harm the ozone layer.

In developing nations, water pollution legislation is ________ common than it is in developed nations. As a nation becomes more ________, citizens generally demonstrate a greater interest in controlling water pollution. more; developed less; democratic less; populated more; polluted less; affluent

For which substances does the EPA allow a MCL (maximum contaminant level) of 0 in drinking water? Benzene and mercury Giardia and fecal coliform Mercury and fecal coliform Giardia and arsenic Mercury and atrazine

The WHO estimates that approximately 1.1 billion people worldwide do not have access to sufficient safe-water supplies. This number represents about ____ of the world population. 1/20 1/3 1/10 1/6 1/4

Which is NOT an unintended effect of synthetic pesticide use? Pesticide use leads to an altered species composition of the community. Nearby streams may become more acidic. The pesticide may be lethal to nontarget species as well as target species. Inert ingredients may be harmful to non-target species. Human exposure may be detrimental to health.

A nearby stream has a striking orange color due to iron precipitation. This is generally caused by acid mine drainage. mercury deposition. hydraulic fracturing. fecal coliform bacteria. overuse of pesticides.

Which is NOT an environmental advantage of septic tanks? Gravity is used to move the water. Harmful pathogens can be degraded by soil microorganisms. Sewage is broken down by natural means. No byproducts of water treatment remain. Water is returned to the local environment.

What is the benefit of using water for an industrial process in a closed system in which the hot water is cooled in a tower and then recycled for heating again? The ambient temperature of the local area is not raised by the release of steam. Noise pollution is reduced because of containment. There is less precipitation because water is not released. There is less need for cogeneration because the plant has its own source of steam. Thermal pollution is reduced by not releasing heated water into a local waterway.

Consider a liter of healthy water with a BOD measurement of 20 mg and a liter of more polluted water with a BOD measurement of 120 mg. Which statement is an accurate comparison? The polluted water produced 6 times as much oxygen as the healthy water. The healthy water produced 6 times as much oxygen as the polluted water. The polluted water consumed 6 times as much oxygen as the healthy water. The healthy water consumed 6 times as much oxygen as the polluted water. BOD measurement is not a good basis of comparison for two samples.

You are asked to test the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of a stream in your town. After observing the BOD over a week, you calculate that the water has a BOD of 150 mg of oxygen, which is a relatively high level. This leads you to conclude that the water is likely contaminated with high levels of pollution or waste. the high level of oxygen demand is likely caused by natural decomposition. the water quality is safe for most aquatic organisms. the water is safe for drinking. the water has a high level of oxygen.

Which is a type of wastewater? I. Sewage water from toilets II. Water from showering and bathing III. Water from washing clothes I only I, II, and III III only II only I and II

Which U.S. legislation empowers the EPA to establish maximum contaminant levels in drinking water? The Superfund Act The MCL Act The Clean Air Act The Clean Water Act The Safe Drinking Water Act

It is estimated that initially the Deepwater Horizon oil platform accident released 53,000 barrels of oil per day. If one barrel contains 42 gallons, how many gallons per day were released? 22 billion 2 billion 200 thousand 2 million 22 million

Which is a phenomenon in which a body of water becomes rich in nutrients? Wastewater Eutrophication Nutrient runoff Fishery collapse Dead zones

Which is most likely to create eutrophic areas? Pharmaceuticals Synthetic organic compounds Nitrates and phosphates Solid waste Heavy metals

Which is an example of a nonpoint source of water pollution? Waste overflow from a water treatment plant due to excessive rains Runoff from sprayed agricultural fields Garbage dumped at an abandoned landfill Mercury emissions from coal burning power plants Acid drainage from an abandoned mine

Bacteria are beneficial in the wastewater treatment process because they naturally break down organic matter. they make the use of chemicals unnecessary in the treatment of wastewater. the nutrients produced are beneficial to the treated water. they help solid material to settle out of the wastewater. they prevent the wastewater from forming sludge.

The Federal Water Pollution control Act of 1948 was the precursor legislation to the Clean Water Act. Endangered Species Act. Clean Air Act. Superfund Act. Cradle to Grave Legislation.

What is the first step of treating wastewater at a municipal sewage treatment plant? Pathogens are killed with ultraviolet light or chemicals. Water is removed from sludge. Water undergoes aeration to reduce offensive odors. Solid waste material settles out. Bacteria breaks down organic matter.

Which chemical used in rocket fuel affects the thyroid gland? PCBs PBDEs DDT Reproductive hormones Perchlorates

Methods used to remove spilled oil from the surface of the ocean include I. containment boom and oil vacuums. II. chemical dispersants. III. large screens. II only I only I and III I, II, and III I and II

The greatest proportion of oil found in the world's oceans is caused by transportation of oil. oil-producing algae populations. consumption of oil. natural oceanic seeps. extraction of oil.

Primary treatment in a sewage treatment plant is designed to create sludge for use as fertilizer. move water from municipalities to the plant. remove solids from wastewater. recycle water. remove pathogens from wastewater.

An important environmental safety feature of manure lagoons is the use of disinfectants to treat manure. a secondary treatment to remove antibiotics. a liner to prevent leakage into groundwater. a ledge for the cattle to walk on. an adequate water supply.

Which form of waterway pollution creates conditions in which productivity is decreased and gills of bottom dwelling organisms are clogged? Erosion and sedimentation Mining dams Runoff and flooding Thermal pollution Urbanization

What happens to sludge from a sewage treatment plant? I. It can be deposited in a landfill. II. It can be incinerated. III. It can be used as a fertilizer. I, II, and III II only I only I and II III only

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the Chesapeake Bay? It receives anthropogenic chemicals that adversely affect the local fish populations. It experiences algal blooms from the fertilizers used on the land in its watershed. It is one of many small estuaries along the east coast of the United States. A large amount of sediment travels down the watershed into the bay. It receives nutrients from sewage treatment facilities.

Genetically engineered bacteria are useful in the remediation of nitrates and phosphates oil spills synthetic organic compounds sedimentation heavy metals