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client-centered therapy

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developed by Carl Rogers and emphasizes the importance of the client's perceptions of his or her experience and recognizes an inherent human tendency toward developing one's capacities; this orientations seeks to facilitate the client's growth potential

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congruence

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one of 3 characteristics considered essential for client-centered work; refers to the honest expression by the therapist of the behavior, feelings, and attitudes that have been stimulated by the client

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de-reflection

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technique described by Frankl where the client is instructed to ignore a troublesome behavior or symptom in order to divert his/her attention to more constructive thoughts or activities

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emotion-focused therapy

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integrates the client-centered and Gestalt traditions; at the heart is the theoretical proposition that emotions are fundamentally adaptive and that emotions give our life experience its value, meaning, and direction

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empathy

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one of 3 characteristics considered essential for client-centered work; refers to sensitivity to the needs, feelings, and circumstances of clients so that they feel understood

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existential psychology

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views people as engaged in a search for meaning

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Gestalt games

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games developed by the Gestaltists to emphasize "the rules" of Gestalt therapy; they may involve making prescribed verbalizations or engaging in various role-plays

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growth potential

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a capacity for competence that all individuals possess; to release this is the goal of client-centered therapy

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humanism

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approach that views individuals as unified, whole, and unique beings who exercise free choice and strive to develop their inner potentials

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logotherapy

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developed by Frankl; encourages the client to (1) find meaning in what appears to be a callous uncaring, and meaningless world and (2) develop a sense of responsibility for his or her life

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moral precepts

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rules in Gestalt therapy for patients to live by

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paradoxical intention

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technique described by Frankl; the client is told to consciously attempt to perform the very behavior or response that is the object of anxiety or concern; the paradox ids that the person will usually be unable to do what he or she fears doing when he/she tries to do it intentionally

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person-centered approach

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the client-centered approach when it is applied to problems or situations outside of the therapy room

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phenomenal self

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part of the phenomenal field that the person experiences as "me"; humans have the basic urge to preserve and enhance the phenomenal self

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process-experiential therapy

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a relatively new treatment approach that integrate the client-centered and Gestalt therapy traditions

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self

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the awareness of one's bing and functioning as separate and distinct from all else

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self-actualization

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the basic human tendency toward maintaining and enhancing the self

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unconditional positive regard

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one of three characteristics of client-centered work; refers to complete acceptance of and respect for the client as a human being, without conditions or requirements

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Otto Rank

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believed that patients should be allowed free opportunity to exert their wills and to dominate the therapist

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Phenomenology

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behavior is totally determined by the phenomenal field (everything experienced at any given point in time) of the person

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Objective knowledge about stimuli is not enough to predict behavior because their perceptual field is __________

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reality

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behavior

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a set of goal-directed attempts by the organism to satisfy experienced needs

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3 things that can occur after an experience

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a. can be symbolized or organized into some relationship with the self b. can be ignored because its relevance to the self is not perceived c. can be denied symbolization or distorted because it is inconsistent with the structure of the self

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Client-centered therapy cannot be successful without these

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empathy, unconditional positive regard, congruence

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Humanism

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People aren't products of the past, the unconscious, or the environment but rather they exercise free choice in the pursuit of their inner potential and self-actualization

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Humanism focuses on _______, _________, ________ rather than ______, _________, ______

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positive striving, freedom, and self-actualization sickness, deviations, or diagnostic labels

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Personality

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not just what one is but what one might also become

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Goals of Humanistic Therapy

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Help the individual reach a point at which awareness and decision making can be exercised responsibly Achieve higher states of love, intimacy, and constructive social behavior

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"The Now"

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In Gestalt therapy, it is reality, behavior and experience

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Anxiety

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in gestalt therapy, it is the gap between now and later

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Moral Precepts

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In Gestalt therapy; you must aim to follow them. 1. Live now 2. Live here 3. Stop imagining 4. Stop unnecessary thinking 5. Express directly 6. Surrender to being what you really are 7. Be aware of both the pleasant and unpleasant 8. Reject all "should" and "ought" that are not your own 9. Take complete responsibility for your actions

Chapter 13 – Client-Centered/Humanistic Approaches – Flashcards

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