Chapter 12: Nutritional assessment lab manual questions – Flashcards

is the degree of balance between intake and nutrient requirements. This balance is affected by income, education, an individual's broad physical and social environments, nutritional literacy, and access to protective foods

breast milk is ideally formulated to promote normal infant growth and development and natural immunity. Should be receiving a daily vit. D supplement, solid foods can be introduced as the infant becomes physically able to handle them. Whole cow's milk should not be offered until the end of the first year, lower fat milk should be avoided until the age of two because it's not enough to support optimal growth and development

Energy and protein requirements increase, calcium and iron requirements increase during this time. Careful meal and snack planning is essential to meet the increase nutrient demands.

essential that sufficient calories, protein, vitamins, and minerals are met. Vitamin supplement containing 400mcg folic acid daily. Taking colic acid at least 3 months before pregnancy and continuing throughout postpartum period.

diet that is rich in fruits and vegetables, low in total and saturated fat, and high in fibre. regular snacks, meals manage their weight better than those that have more irregular or erratic eating patterns.

more prone to undernutrition and overnutrition. after age of 50 energy requirements decrease by 5% per decade. Normal physiological changes of aging directly affect nutritional status, diminished olfactory and taste sensitivity, medication use may interact with nutrients, vitamin supplements, and other prescription drugs. Synthesis of vitamin D decreases older adults need to take daily supplement.

cultural definition of food, frequency and number of meals eaten away from home, form and content of cermonial meals, food preparation methods, and amount and types of foods eaten, and regularity of food consumption. Other factors to consider include fasting and other religious observations that may limit a person's food or liquid intake during specified times.

Identify individual nutritional requirements Provide information for designing a nutrition plan of care that will optimize nutrition and meet individual nutrient requirements. Establish a baseline data for evaluating the efficacy of nutritional care.

convey information about the nutrient content of food in a standardize format, which allows comparison among goods before purchase. Provides information on energy and 13 nutrients based on stated serving size.

reflects the needs of a healthy individual who consumes 2000 to 2500 calories daily. It is used to express the food's content of nutrients rather than just serving as a weight measurement.

The individual or family member may not be able to recall type of amount of food eaten. intake within the past 24 hours may be atypical of usual intake. The individual of family member may alter the truth or a variety of reasons. Snack items and the use of gravies, sauces, and condiments may be underrreported.

linked to diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and some forms of cancer.

body fat that collects deep within the central abdominal area of the body is called visceral fat, is associated with increased risk for diabetes, stroke, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The risk of death from all causes may be higher in people with central obesity than those whose fat accumulates elsewhere in the body.

chronic condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, often leads to other diseases or contributes to their development.

the result of pancreatic B cell destruction of which the causes is unknown. Are at risk of ketoacidosis, result of autoimmune process for which the beta cell destruction is unknown

has manifestations ranging from predominant insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to a predominant secretory defect within insulin resistance

is a prevalanet, multifaceted condition characterized by distinctive collection of abnormalities, including abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and dysglycemia. Are at risk for developing diabetes and cardiovascular disaese.