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Imperialism

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Stronger nations attempting to create empires by taking over weaker nations through economics, politics, culture, and military

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Nationalism

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Pride in ones nation and a belief that your country is superior to others, a feeling of power for your country and an allegiance to your nation.

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Economic Reasons for Imperialism

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The growth of the industry in Europe created a need for natural resources, such as petroleum and rubber, which came from undeveloped countries. Also manufacturing nations required newer markets to sell their goods.

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Military Reasons for Imperialism

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Advances in military technology produced European armies and navies that were far superior to those in Africa and Asia. Europe's growing navies required bases around the world for taking on fuel and supplies

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Nationalistic Reasons for Imperialism

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Some of the nationalistic reasons for imperialism is so that nations try to make themselves stronger, more advanced, and well balanced by dominating other countries to make their county prosper economically, politically, culturally, or militarily and to protect their beliefs

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Humanitarian Reasons for Imperialism

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Humanitarian and religious reasons motivated imperialists. They believed that they had a responsibility to spread the blessings of Western civilization, including its law, medicine, and Christian religion.

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George Washington's advice to Americans in 1796

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"steer clear of permanent alliances" with other countries. Although America followed this advice for the next century, we later decided to expand into different territories and "protect them from transfer into European power." After that, America began taking an active role in military and diplomatic conflicts in Latin America.

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Monroe Doctrine

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The main principle of the foreign policy in the United States, established in 1823 by President James Monroe, it states that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the U.S

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Seward's Folly

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Secretary of State William H. Seward was always willing to expand the country's resources and trade so, in 1867 he had the Senate's approval to buy Alaska from the Russians. The purchase became known as the "walrus-covered icebergs", but later was changed to Seward's Folly because they thought the purchase was a foolish mistake (folly) by Seward.

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Commodore Matthew Perry

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Led and American fleet into Tokyo Bay to force Japan to start trading with the US

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The Spanish American War

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The cause of the war was because in 1898, riots erupted in Havana, the capital of Cuba. In response, President Mckinley moved the battleship U.S.S. Maine into the cities harbor to protect American citizens and property. Several events followed that lead the United States to war.

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The Cuban Rebellion

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Cuba rebelled against Spain in 1868 In 1895 cuba rebelled again which ended in the rebels being forced into camps and lived in miserable conditions with little food or sanitation and disease and starvation killed around 200000 Cubans

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Yellow Journalism

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Sensational news coverage, emphasizing crime and scandal

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Jingoism

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Extreme patriotism in the form of aggresive foreign policy.

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De Lome Letter

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This is a letter was stolen from a Spanish Ambassador on February 28. Also it caused an outcry in the United States, ridiculed President McKinley, and because of this letter it gave the press a golden opportunity to intensify Spanish sentiments

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Explosion of the USS Maine

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February 15th an explosion sank the Maine, killing more than 250 American sailors. Thought to have happened because an accidental fire might have sent off the ammunition. American public put the blame on Spain.

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William McKinley

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25th president of the United States, 1897-1901; supported tariffs, expanded the United States by waging the Spanish American War

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The Rough Riders

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a diverse group of volunteers that included cowboys, miners, policemen, and college athletes. On July 1, 1898, Roosevelt led the Rough Riders in a charge up San Juan Hill. This charge became the most famous incident of the war.

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The Treaty of Paris

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The Treaty of Paris was the treaty, signed on December 1898, that ended the Spanish American War

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Arbitration

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Arbitration is the settlement of a dispute by a person or a panel chosen to listen to both sides and come to a decision.

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Platt Amendment

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A document that stipulated that the Cuban government could not enter any foreign agreements, must allow the United States to establish naval bases if needed, and must give the United States the right to intervene whenever necessary. The amendment arose when U.S. troops occupied Cuba, and Cuba reluctantly agreed to the amendment because they desperately wanted to end the occupation.

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Sphere of Influence

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Areas of economical and political control in China.

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Open Door Policy

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In 1899 John Hay, President McKinley's Secretary of State, wrote notes to the major European powers trying to persuade them to keep an "open door" to China. He wanted to ensure this through the Open Door Policy that the United States would have equal access to China's millions of consumers.

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What was the US foreign policy towards to the Phillippines?

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The foreign policy was that all Filipinos had to be Christian and they had to be educated t and civilized before they misrule or become an anarchy

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What was the US foreign policy towards to Cuba?

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The U.S. created the Teller agreement, which allowed Cubans in.

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What was the US foreign policy towards to Puerto Rico?

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Puerto Rico stayed under military control in the territory until 1900 which they then established a stable government which was still under U.S. control and allowed the citizens to vote for their key officials.

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What was the US foreign policy towards to Hawaii?

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Hawaii and the United States made a treaty that Hawaii could sell their sugar duty-free. Hawaii also leased Pearl Harbor to the United States as a repair and fueling station for naval vessels. The U.S. wanted to annex with Hawaii but Hawaii did not want to. In 1898, Congress approved the annexation with Hawaii.

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What was the US foreign policy towards to China?

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The foreign policy towards China was the Open Door Policy, an approach to China favoring open trade relations between then and the US

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What did John Hay mean when he called America's war with Spain a "splendid little war?"

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What John Hay meant when he said it was a "splendid little war" was that it was short and sweet. The United States dominated the Spanish, despite losing 2,500 troops, and John Hay believed that the Spanish - American war proved America's military power.

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What methods did the United States use to gain land and influence in the Pacific Region?

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The United States fought wars, signed treaties, took people out of power and made many agreements to gain land and influence in the Pacific region.

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Theodore Roosevelt

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a republican; became president at age 42 (1901-1909) ; His economic policies included regulating big buisness and supporting labor unions

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William Howard Taft

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Twenty-seventh President of the United States, 1909-1913; continued Progressive reforms of President Theodore Roosevelt; promoted "dollar diplomacy" to expand foreign investments.

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Concession

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a grant for a piece of land in exchange for a promise to use the land for a specific purpose

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Panama Canal

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Canal built in the Isthmus of Panama. French attempt to build it but yellow fever and severe mismanagement make them fail. The Spooner Act is passed by Congress allowing the United States to purchase the French assets for $40 million. Failed treaty negotiations for Colombian land and the French organizing a revolution against Panama results in the construction of the canal being delayed. Created a shorter route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and allowed for faster and cheaper global shipping; also allowed the U.S. Navy to go from one ocean to another quickly in times of war. Some people thought the U.S. building the canal hurt Columbia, so the U.S. payed $25 million to Columbia to make up for this

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Big Stick Diplomacy

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Theodore Roosevelt is the person who used this phrase. His quote was "Speak softly and carry a big stick: you will go far". Also the point of big stick diplomacy is to negotiate from strength and making it clear that military action is a possibility.

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Dollar Diplomacy

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Dollar Diplomacy is maintaining orderly societies abroad through increased American investment in foreign economies.

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Moral Diplomacy

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Wilson announced the end of Taft's "dollar diplomacy," which started the moral diplomacy. That meant the United States would apply moral and legalistic standards for foreign policies

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How did the US gain control of what would become the Panama Canal Zone?

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The US gained control of the Panama Canal Zone because when the rebels were on boats off shore preparing to attack, the US immediately recognized an independent Panama and became its protector.

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What was the American reaction to President Roosevelt's securing of the Canal Zone?

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Most Americans thought that the canal was vital to the country and approved of Roosevelt's actions. A few Americans, however, felt that the method he used to get the canal was not acceptable. Some wrote in papers saying " It was an instance of foul play in American politics."

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How did Roosevelt prevent European intervention in Santo Domingo?

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Moved quickly to establish American supervision of customs collections.

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Racism

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Belief that difference in personality are due to one's race; showing superiority of one race over all the others.

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Compulsory

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Compulsory is something required, obligated, or mandatory; it must be done.

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Great White Fleet

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The Great White Fleet was a big fleet of U.S Navy ships. This fleet sailed around the world and made big impressions everywhere they sailed.

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What were some of the arguments FOR American Imperialism in the world?

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Imperialism offered a new kind of frontier for American expansion. Some thought that imperialism was a celebration of American tradition and creative spirit. Others embraced the strategic military reasons for expansion.

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What were some of the arguments AGAINST American Imperialism in the world?

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Some people thought that imperialism rejected the foundation of "liberty for all," others argued that with imperialism the territories owned by the U.S. should follow the constitution and get equal rights, some even argued that imperialism was associated with racism, people also thought that imperialism would not be economically possible.

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What was significant about the tour of the Great White Fleet?

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The significance of the great white fleet is the fact it made an impression everywhere it went and it also showed how powerful America's Navy was.

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4 reasons to imperialize

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Economics Nationalism Military Humanitarian

Chapter 10: Becoming a World Power

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