Chap. 18 Org. Bio – Flashcards

What do the yellow labels (Eumetazoans, Bilaterians, etc.) represent?

Which derived character is shared by all eumetazoans?

Which clade includes only nematodes and arthropods?

Which clade includes all of these phyla: molluscs, arthropods, and echinoderms?

All animals can probably trace their lineage to a common ancestor that lived in the __________.

An animal is called a protostome or a deuterostome based on _____.

Our most current understanding of animal phylogeny is based on __________.

A spectacular marine animal has a network of glassy spicules that forms a cagelike structure. This animal does not have true tissues. It is a suspension feeder. What cells or structures does this cage-building animal use to get nutrients from its feeding cells to other parts of its body?

Which feature of insects has promoted their diversification and evolutionary success?

The phrase "Cambrian explosion" refers to _____.

Organisms with true radial symmetry

Sponges typically feed by _____.

How do coral animals obtain their food?

Biology deals with many kinds of worms. Which choice includes three different phyla of "worms"?

At the Sand Bar restaurant, customers can nibble on snails (_____) with garlic butter and oysters on the half shell (_____) during their "happy hour." The happy patrons will be enjoying what types of molluscs?

Choose the option that correctly matches each mollusc class to its typical lifestyle.

In the ocean, you find an organism with a hard exoskeleton and jointed legs. It is _____.

Which of the following animals is most closely related to spiders?

Sea stars and sea urchins are members of the phylum _____.

Coral reefs are suffering due to stresses that include overexploitation, pollutants, and coral bleaching as a result of climate change. Which of the following is NOT a benefit to humans provided by these increasingly threatened ecosystems?

A graduate student finds an organism in a pond and thinks it is a freshwater sponge. A professor thinks it looks more like an aquatic fungus. How can they decide whether it is an animal or a fungus?

Which lists the three tissue layers in a typical animal in the correct order, starting from inside the digestive tract?

Zoologists place chordates and echinoderms on one major branch of the animal phylogenetic tree, and molluscs, annelids, arthropods, and many other phyla on other major branches. Which of the following is a basis for this separation?

What advantage do free-swimming larvae confer on reef-building corals?

Which phyla both possess a gastrovascular cavity that has only one opening?

Children sometimes pick up "bloodsuckers" in ponds, but these segmented animals typically spend most of their time parasitizing turtles. Some are used medicinally to improve blood flow and reduce inflammation near injuries in humans. They are _____.

The phylum _____ includes the largest number of species of all animal phyla.

When comparing gene content and gene expression of homeotic genes in arthropods versus velvet worms, scientists discovered __________.

Sea daisies are tiny marine animals found in deep water. These animals have a water vascular system, overlapping skeletal plates, and calcareous spines. Which of the features below would you expect them to also possess in the adult stage?

An animal has segments, bilateral symmetry, pharyngeal gill slits, a post-anal tail, and deuterostomic development. It must be a member of the phylum _____.