Ch 4 Compounds & their bonds – Flashcards
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The octet rule indicates that
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atoms lose, gain, or share valence electrons to have 8 valence electrons.
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In ionic compounds ________ lose their valence electrons to form positively charged ________.
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metals, cations
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How many electrons will aluminum gain or lose when it forms an ion?
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lose 3
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What is the symbol for the ion with 19 protons and 18 electrons?
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K+
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To form an ion a sodium atom
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loses one electron.
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An anion always
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has a negative charge.
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What is the ionic charge of an ion with 18 protons and 15 electrons?
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3+
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The number of electrons in an ion with 20 protons and an ionic charge of 2- is
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22.
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Elements in group 2A(2) of the periodic table form ions with a charge of
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2+.
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The ion of aluminum is
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Al3+
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How many electrons will chlorine gain or lose when it forms an ion?
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gain 1
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An ionic compound has a net charge of
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zero.
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The correct formula for a compound formed from the elements Al and O is
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Al2O3
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The correct formula for the compound formed from Mg and S is
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MgS.
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Which one of the following compounds contains an ion with a 3+ charge?
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FeCl3
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What is the correct formula for the oxide ion?
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O2-
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The compound is named
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magnesium chloride.
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Which one of the following elements forms two or more ions with different ionic charges?
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Fe
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What is the correct formula for the iron (II) ion?
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Fe2+
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The name of the ion is
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copper (I).
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What is the correct formula for iron (III) sulfide?
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Fe2S3
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A(n) ________ is the smallest neutral unit of two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond.
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molecule
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In a molecule with covalent bonding
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atoms are held together by sharing electrons.
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Which of the following elements does NOT exist as a diatomic molecule?
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carbon
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In a covalently bonded molecule the number of electrons that an atom shares with others is usually equal to the number of electrons
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needed to give it a noble gas arrangement.
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Double and triple bonds form because
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single covalent bonds do not give all of the atoms in the molecule eight valence electrons.
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The correct name of the compound is
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nitrogen trichloride.
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According to naming rules the types of compound that use prefixes in their names are
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covalent compounds.
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The correct name for the compound is
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dinitrogen trioxide.
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What is the formula of carbon tetraiodide?
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CI4
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The name of Al2(SO4)3 is?
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aluminum sulfate.
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The ability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a covalent bond is its
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electronegativity.
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Which of the following substances contains a nonpolar covalent bond?
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N2
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Which of the following compounds contains a polar covalent bond?
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HCl
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Which of the following compounds contains an ionic bond?
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CaO
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Ionic bonding is expected in which of these compounds?
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KF
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A polar covalent bond is found in which of these compounds?
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H2O
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The bond in Cl2 is a(n)
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nonpolar covalent bond.
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A group of covalently bonded atoms that has an overall electrical charge is called a(n)
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polyatomic ion.
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Which of the following polyatomic ions has a positive charge?
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ammonium
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Which of the following polyatomic ions has a 3- ionic charge?
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phosphate
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What is the formula of the nitride ion?
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N3-
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The name of the ion is
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hydrogen sulfate.
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What is the formula of a compound that contains Na+ and PO43- ions?
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Na3PO4
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Fe2 (SO4)3 is called
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iron (III) sulfate.
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What is the formula for aluminum nitrate?
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Al(NO3)3
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The VSEPR theory allows us to determine the
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shape of a molecule.
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When a cation is formed from a representative element
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electrons are lost and the ion is smaller
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The shape of the ammonia molecule (NH3) is
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pyramidal.
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The shape of the water molecule (H2O) is
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bent
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The main type of interaction between molecules of ammonia (NH3) are
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hydrogen bonds.
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The main type of interaction between molecules of hydrogen (H2) are
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dispersion forces.
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The carbon tetrachloride molecule has the shape of a
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tetrahedron.
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The carbon tetrachloride molecule is
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a nonpolar molecule with polar bonds.
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The ammonia molecule (NH3) is
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a polar molecule with polar bonds.
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Is carbon tetrachloride covalent or ionic?
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covalent
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Is potassium oxide covalent or ionic?
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ionic
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Is carbon dioxide covalent or ionic?
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covalent
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Is dihydrogen sulfide covalent or ionic?
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covalent
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Is sodium fluoride covalent or ionic?
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ionic
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Is nitrogen trichloride covalent or ionic?
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covalent
