ch 21 sec 2 chs 9th history – Flashcards

An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members

Nonviolent refusal to continue to work until a problem is resolved.

Process of making large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply

1799-1800 - Eli Whitney developed a manufacturing system which uses standardized parts which are all identical and thus, interchangeable. Before this, each part of a given device had been designed only for that one device; if a single piece of the device broke, it was difficult or impossible to replace. With standardized parts, it was easy to get a replacement part from the manufacturer. MADE PRODUCTION AND REPAIR MORE EFFICIENT.

In a factory, an arrangement where a product is moved from worker to worker, with each person performing a single task in the making of the product.

Workers who produced finished goods dealt with merchants directly. They worked with raw material to final production- wool to cloth.

Family run-able to work as needed, could make adjustments b/c of health, holidays/season. could make higher quality clothing

fires and floods could ruin equipment and ruin business. cloth making required a lot of skills to learn, required a strong adult to work the loom (sick adult meant no work-no $) once industry kicked in homemade products were more expensive.

Families crowed into shoddy, close packed company owned dwellings. Hazards of coal burning -pollution, sulfur and chemicals in the air, iron refinerying (smelting) cause more pollution, lack of toilets spread disease.

children often had to scramble under running machines and accidents were common. no safety precautions, poor sanitation, poor ventilation, pollution, noise, lack of food, Foreman sometimes beat children who talked too much or worked too slow.paid poorly

many went to the city to flee poverty in the country side. People needed jobs, shelter and food.

owners-weathy investors mid level employees to run the factory and supervise low-level employees to run the machines.

-huge supply of workers, women and children worked cheaply, bad conditions, long hours

Afraid to lose their jobs, no union, no goverment support

interchangeable parts and the assembly line.

Dramatic increase in production, goods became cheaper to make, cheaper to buy,