Ch. 17: Scientific Revolution and The Enlightenment – Flashcards

Montesquieu's most lasting contribution to political thought was his

The scientific method was all of the following except

According to the Ptolemaic system,

René Descartes believed in one absolute truth

All of the following were outcomes of the Seven Years' War in North America except

Galileo's observations seemed to indicate that

In Jean-Jacques Rousseau's concept of a social contract,

In "The Wealth of Nations," Adam Smith gave all of the following roles to government except

Rationalism is the belief that

Who has been rightly called the father of modern rationalism?

Catherine the Great of Russia did all of the following except

The concern of eighteenth-century monarchs for a balance of power involved all of the following except

Diderot's "Encyclopedia" was used to

The union of England and Scotland in 1707 created

Rousseau believed in all of the following except

Frederick the Great of Prussia

The first philosopher to emphasize reason instead of religious faith, and thought people were naturally fearful and greedy

Adam Smith believed in laissez-faire, by which he meant that

A philosopher who greatly admired the parliamentary system of Britain and believed in the separation of powers. He also encouraged the countries of Spanish America to join together as one nation.

Which British head of cabinet acquired Canada and India?

This philosopher believed that a successful government would have different branches of government with separation of their powers

A priest that worked to improve conditions for the Amerindians and mestizos in Mexico and helped fight for Mexican independence

Italian philosopher whose ideas led to changes in European and American criminal laws

In the War of the Austrian Succession,

Inductive reasoning involved

John Locke's ideas suggest that people were

To Voltaire and many other philosophes, the universe was

Isaac Newton's universal law of gravitation

This philosopher wrote extensively about the education system and encouraged children to immerse themselves in nature in order to be well-rounded individuals

was the first to argue that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe

This diplomat believed in equal education regardless of social status and supported the people during the French Revolution that believed a king should not have total control

wrote "On The Fabric of the Human Body," which presented a careful and accurate examination of human anatomy

What is the most important difference between the Ptolemaic system and the Copernican system?

As a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1763,

Francis Bacon, an English philosopher, believed scientists should

Montesquieu's ideas were used in

Francis Bacon, who developed the scientific method, was a

Rousseau argued that society should be governed by

the idea that the government should not regulate the economy

system of planetary motion that places Earth at the center of the universe

system of planetary motion that places the Sun at the center of the universe

system of governing where rulers tried to use Enlightened ideas, while keeping their royal powers

the offspring of Europeans and Native Americans

French name for philosopher during the Enlightenment

an eighteenth-century religious philosophy based on reason and law

elegant drawing room where people would meet to discuss the ideas of the Enlightenment

the geocentric model of the universe that prevailed in the Middle Ages

idea that society agrees to be governed by its general will, and should be subject to the general will

the idea that scientist should proceed from the particular to the general by observing and testing

system of thought by Descartes based on belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge