Ch 14 Post – Flashcards
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which of the following is NOT a factor that indicates an infant is ready to accept solid foods?
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the infant has high stores of iron
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which of the following is NOT associated with gestational diabetes?
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delivery of a low birth weight infant
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Macrocytic anemia results from a deficiency of
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vitamin B12
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which of the following fatty acids is critical for fetal brain and eye development
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DHA
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which of the following is NOT a benefit of breastfeeding for the infant
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the infant does not absorb the unhealthy levels of fats in breast milk
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the hormone responsible for breast milk is called
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prolactin
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which of the following does NOT explain why infants are a higher risk of dehydration than adults?
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breast milk or formula does not meet an infants fluid needs
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the stimulus that is needed for continued and sustained production of breast milk is
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infant suckling
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during pregnancy, women should avoid consuming large, predatory types of fish and consume no more than 12 oz
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mercury
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which of the following is NOT true for a pregnant women who was overweight prior to her pregnancy?
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she should restrict caloric intake and attempt to lose weight before delivery
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the primary cause of gastroesophageal reflux and constipation during pregnancy is
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relaxation of smooth muscle
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why are new born infants given a single injection of vitamin K?
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the infants intestinal bacteria are not yet able to synthesize vitamin K
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which of the following statements is FALSE regarding vitamin B12 during pregnancy?
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the RDA for vitamin B12 doubles during pregnancy
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at what point during pregnancy is adequate folate MOST important?
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during the first 4 weeks after conception
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during the first 6 months of lactation, the daily caloric needs of the mother increases by how many kilocalories
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330
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severe tooth decay as a result of prolonged exposure to the developing teeth is called
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nursing bottle syndrome
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in which trimester of pregnancy is the fetus the most vulnerable to teratogens
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first
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during the second and third trimester, the caloric needs of a pregnant woman increase by how many kilocalories
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350-450
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the major protein found in breast milk is
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lactalbumin
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from the third months of pregnancy until birth the developing human is called
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fetus
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most of a pregnant woman's nutrients needs can be met by consuming a healthful, balanced diet, except for which spe
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iron
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baby joe is a 4 month old exclusively formula-fed infant who weighs 14 pounds. how many ounces of formula does he need
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32 ounces
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substances that cause birth defects are called
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teratogens
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premilk, which is rich in immune factors and protein, is also known by what name?
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colostrum
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which of the following is NOT a maternal benefit for breastfeeding?
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shortens the intervals between pregnancies
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recommended weight gain during pregnancy is based on the
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mothers weight before becoming pregnant
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which of the following is NOT a symptom of preeclampsia?
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unexplained and rapid weight loss
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excess consumption of what nutrient during pregnancy is associated with birth defects?
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vitamin A
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At birth, baby Ramon weighs 8 pounds. if his growth and development are normal, what would expect Ramon to weigh
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24 pounds
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the hormones that prepare the breasts physically for lactation are estrogen, progestrone, and
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prolactin
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how much weight should a women of normal pre-pregnancy BMI gain during the first trimester?
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3 to 5 pounds
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it has been suggested that what percentage of neural tube defects could be prevented if all women of children
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70 percent
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fetal demand for iron is highest during the
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third trimester
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the sticky "first stool" excreted by the new born infant is called?
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meconium
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inadequate intake of which nutrient during the first few weeks of pregnancy is associated with spinal cord
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folate
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what is the average weight for a healthy newborn in the United States (with an average height of 18 to 22 inches
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7 1/2 lbs
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the american academy of pediatrics recommends that all breastfed infants up to 6 months old be given
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vitamin D
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a low-birth-weight infant is one who weighs less than how many pounds?
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5.5
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the inner portion of the zygote that implants in the uterine lining is called the
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blastocyst
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which of the following enhances the absorption of iron
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vitamin C
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why is it strongly recommended that infants NOT consumes honey?
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honey contains spores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum
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which of the following statements is FALSE regarding calcium needs during pregnancy?
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the extra demand for calcium during pregnancy has been shown to cause bone demineralization and
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which pregnancy-specific organ is responsible for delivering nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and removing fetal waste
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placenta
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inconsolable crying for hours at a time is a characteristic of
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colic
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when compared to formula-fed infants, infants who are breastfed for longer than 3 to 6 months can have lower... Not support this observation
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breastfed infants grow in height and weight at a greater rate than formula-fed infants
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rich dietary sources of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) include
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mackerel and salmon
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the point at which the ovum becomes fertilized by the sperm is
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conception
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a normal-weight woman should gain approximately how many pounds during pregnancy?
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25 to 35 pounds
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anchovies, mackerel, salmon, and sardines are good sources of
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DHA
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the only thing that will "cure" eclampsia is
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delivery of the infant
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the substance that cushions and protects the developing fetus is the
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amniotic fluid
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which of the following aspects of pregnant woman's nutritional status can cause spina bifida in the fetus
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folate deficiency
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milk that is low in fat and produced first in a nursing session is known
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foremilk
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which of the following is NOT a recommended measure to reduce an infant's lead exposure?
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using your own tools to scrape off loose lead-based paint
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during pregnancy, what amount of alcohol consumption is considered safe?
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none
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which of the following would NOT be good advice to give to a parent regrading the introduction of solids to
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add honey to cereal and fruit to improve infant acceptance of these new foods
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which of the following foods is considered safe for pregnant women to consume?
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hard-boiled eggs
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over-reliance on breast milk and formula by infants and children can limit iron intake and lead to
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milk anemia
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the theory that suggests that infant feeding practices influence the risk of developing chronic disease in later
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metabolic programming
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which of the following hormones is referred to as the "let down" hormone?
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oxytocin
