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Home Page Flashcards Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 structure - Flashcards

Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 structure – Flashcards

Flashcard maker : Candace Young

Molecular Formula CCl4
Average mass 153.823 Da
Density 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 76.0±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point -0.3±15.8 °C
Molar Refractivity 26.0±0.3 cm3
Polarizability 10.3±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension 35.2±3.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume 90.6±3.0 cm3
  • Experimental data
  • Predicted – ACD/Labs
  • Predicted – EPISuite
  • Predicted – ChemAxon
  • Experimental Physico-chemical Properties

    • Experimental Melting Point:

      -23 °C Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
      -23 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 13973, 16135, 21398, 27903, 27904, 27905, 27906, 27907
      -22.92 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 27903, 27904, 27905, 27906, 27907
      -23 °C SynQuest 1100-4-01
      -22.6 °C LabNetwork LN00163741

    • Experimental Boiling Point:

      170 F (76.6667 °C)
      NIOSH FG4900000
      77 °C Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
      76-77 °C SynQuest 1100-4-01
      76.7 °C LabNetwork LN00163741

    • Experimental Ionization Potent:

      11.47 Ev NIOSH FG4900000

    • Experimental Vapor Pressure:

      91 mmHg NIOSH FG4900000
      91 mmHg SynQuest 1100-4-01

    • Experimental Flash Point:

    • Experimental Freezing Point:

      -9 F (-22.7778 °C)
      NIOSH FG4900000

    • Experimental Gravity:

      1.594 g/mL SynQuest 1100-4-01

    • Experimental Refraction Index:

      1.46 SynQuest 1100-4-01

    • Experimental Solubility:

      0.05% NIOSH FG4900000
      -2.31 Egon Willighagen http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci050282s
  • Miscellaneous

    • Appearance:

      Colorless liquid with a characteristic ether-like odor. NIOSH FG4900000
      colourless liquid Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

    • Toxicity:

      ORL-RAT LD50 2350 mg kg-1, SKN-RBT LD50 > 20000 mg kg-1, ORL-GPG LD50 5760 mg kg-1, ORL-MUS LD50 8263 mg kg-1 Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

    • Safety:

      R23/24/25,R40,R48/23,R52/53,R59 SynQuest 1100-4-01
      S23,S24/25,S26,S36/37/39,S45,S59,S61 SynQuest 1100-4-01
      T,N Abblis Chemicals AB1011790

    • First-Aid:

      Eye: Irrigate immediately Skin: Soap wash immediately Breathing: Respiratory support Swallow: Medical attention immediately NIOSH FG4900000

    • Exposure Routes:

      inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact NIOSH FG4900000

    • Symptoms:

      Irritation eyes, skin; central nervous system depression; nausea, vomiting; liver, kidney injury; drowsiness, dizziness, incoordination; [potential occupational carcinogen] NIOSH FG4900000

    • Target Organs:

      central nervous system, eyes, lungs, liver, kidneys, skin Cancer Site [in animals: liver cancer] NIOSH FG4900000

    • Incompatibility:

      Chemically-active metals such as sodium, potassium & magnesium; fluorine; aluminum [Note: Forms highly toxic phosgene gas when exposed to flames or welding arcs.] NIOSH FG4900000

    • Personal Protection:

      Skin: Prevent skin contact Eyes: Prevent eye contact Wash skin: When contaminated Remove: When wet or contaminated Change: No recommendation Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench NIOSH FG4900000

    • Exposure Limits:

      NIOSH REL : Ca ST 2 ppm (12.6 mg/m 3 ) [60-minute] See Appendix A OSHA PEL ?: TWA 10 ppm C 25 ppm 200 ppm (5-minute maximum peak in any 4 hours) NIOSH FG4900000
  • Gas Chromatography

    • Retention Index (Kovats):

      657 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 200 C; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: CBP-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Shimadzu, Gas chromatography analysis of organic solvents using capillary columns (No. 2), 2003.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      660 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 5.0 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Dewulf, J.; Van Langenhove, H.; Everaert, M., Solid-phase microextraction of volatile organic compounds estimation of the sorption equilibrium from the Kovats index, effect of salinity and humic acids and the study of the kinetics by the development of an “agitated/static layer” model, J. Chromatogr. A, 761, 1997, 205-217.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      662 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 75 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb W DMCS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Castello, G.; Gerbino, T.C., Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary Phases, J. Chromatogr., 437, 1988, 33-45.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      667 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb W DMCS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Castello, G.; Gerbino, T.C., Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary Phases, J. Chromatogr., 437, 1988, 33-45.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      673 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 125 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb W DMCS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Castello, G.; Gerbino, T.C., Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary Phases, J. Chromatogr., 437, 1988, 33-45.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      680 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 3.7 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Apolane; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Dutoit, J., Gas chromatographic retention behaviour of some solutes on structurally similar polar and non-polar stationary phases, J. Chromatogr., 555, 1991, 191-204., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 150 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: Ar; Substrate: Gas Chrom Q (80-100 mesh); Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Tiess, D., Gaschromatographische Retentionsindices von 125 leicht- bis mittelfluchtigen organischen Substanzen toxikologisch-analytischer Relevanz auf SE-30, Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock Math. Naturwiss. Reihe, 33, 1984, 6-9.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      672 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: SE-30; Substrate: Gaschrom Q; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Winskowski, J., Gaschromatographische Identifizierung von Stoffen anhand von Indexziffem und unterschiedlichen Detektoren, Chromatographia, 17(3), 1983, 160-165.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      669 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 4 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: DC-200; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Rohrschneider, L., Eine methode zur charakterisierung von gaschromatographischen trennflussigkeiten, J. Chromatogr., 22, 1966, 6-22.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      680.5 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 3.3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: C78, Branched paraffin; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Dallos, A.; Sisak, A.; Kulcsar, Z.; Kovats, E., Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography VII. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with secondary alcohol groups, J. Chromatogr. A, 904, 2000, 211-242.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      680.7 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 3.3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: C78, Branched paraffin; Substrate: Chromosorb G HP; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Reddy, K.S.; Dutoit, J.-Cl.; Kovats, E. sz., Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography. I. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with non-associated primary alcohol groups, J. Chromatogr., 609, 1992, 229-259.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      648 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 1.2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 80 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chezasorb AW-HMDS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Pacakova, V.; Vojtechova, H.; Coufal, P., Reaction gas chromatography: study of the photodecomposition of halogenated hydrocarbons, Chromatographia, 25(7), 1988, 621-626.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      628 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 200 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Porapack Q; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Goebel, K.-J., Gaschromatographische Identifizierung Niedrig Siedender Substanzen Mittels Retentionsindices und Rechnerhilfe, J. Chromatogr., 235, 1982, 119-127.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      663.1 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 2.4 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 70 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Apolane; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Riedo, F.; Fritz, D.; Tarjan, G.; Kovats, E.Sz., A tailor-made C87 hydrocarbon as a possible non-polar standard stationary phase for gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 126, 1976, 63-83.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      681.8 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 2.4 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Apolane; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Riedo, F.; Fritz, D.; Tarjan, G.; Kovats, E.Sz., A tailor-made C87 hydrocarbon as a possible non-polar standard stationary phase for gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 126, 1976, 63-83.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      647 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 50 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Vernon, F., An investigation into hydrogen bonding in gas-liquid chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 63, 1971, 249-257.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      679 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 2.3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Apiezon L; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: DCMS-treated Chromosorb W; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Brown, I.; Chapman, I.L.; Nicholson, G.J., Gas chromatography of polar solutes in electron acceptor stationary phases, Aust. J. Chem., 21, 1968, 1125-1141.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      656 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 5 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Squalane; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Rohrschneider, L., Eine methode zur charakterisierung von gaschromatographischen trennflussigkeiten, J. Chromatogr., 22, 1966, 6-22.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      682 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 5 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Apiezon L; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Rohrschneider, L., Eine methode zur charakterisierung von gaschromatographischen trennflussigkeiten, J. Chromatogr., 22, 1966, 6-22.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      671 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 70 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Apiezon L; Substrate: Celite (40:60 Gewichtsverhaltnis); Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: von Kovats, E., 206. Gas-chromatographische Charakterisierung organischer Verbindungen. Teil 1: Retentionsindices aliphatischer Halogenide, Alkohole, Aldehyde und Ketone, Helv. Chim. Acta, 41(7), 1958, 1915-1932.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      691 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Apiezon L; Substrate: Celite (40:60 Gewichtsverhaltnis); Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: von Kovats, E., 206. Gas-chromatographische Charakterisierung organischer Verbindungen. Teil 1: Retentionsindices aliphatischer Halogenide, Alkohole, Aldehyde und Ketone, Helv. Chim. Acta, 41(7), 1958, 1915-1932.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      868 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 200 C; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: CBP-20; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Shimadzu, Gas chromatography analysis of organic solvents using capillary columns (No. 2), 2003.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      886.54 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard polar; Column length: 3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 75 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: SP-1000; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb W DMCS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Castello, G.; Gerbino, T.C., Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary Phases, J. Chromatogr., 437, 1988, 33-45.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      900.66 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard polar; Column length: 3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: SP-1000; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb W DMCS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Castello, G.; Gerbino, T.C., Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary Phases, J. Chromatogr., 437, 1988, 33-45.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      902.2 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard polar; Column length: 3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 125 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: SP-1000; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb W DMCS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Castello, G.; Gerbino, T.C., Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary Phases, J. Chromatogr., 437, 1988, 33-45.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      888 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 75 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Kieselgur (60-100 mesh); Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Goebel, K.-J., Gaschromatographische Identifizierung Niedrig Siedender Substanzen Mittels Retentionsindices und Rechnerhilfe, J. Chromatogr., 235, 1982, 119-127.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      895 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Rohrschneider, L., Eine methode zur charakterisierung von gaschromatographischen trennflussigkeiten, J. Chromatogr., 22, 1966, 6-22.) NIST Spectra nist ri

    • Retention Index (Normal Alkane):

      659 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; End T: 300 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: Nitrogen; Substrate: Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: MHA, Directorate of ForensicScience., Forensic Toxicology, 9999., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: OV-1; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J., Detection and Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds in Blood by Headspace Gas Chromatography as an Aid to the Diagnosis of Solvent Abuse, J. Chromatogr., 240, 1982, 423-444.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      653.3 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 260 C; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 3 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: J&W Scientific, Solvent Retention Data, 2003.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      661 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 40C(6min)=>5C/min=>80C=>10C/min=>200C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: SPB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 5 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D., Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Shimadzu, Gas chromatography analysis of organic solvents using capillary columns (No. 3), 2003., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 36 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 35 C; End T: 240 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: SE-54; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Huang, C.; Liang, H.; Han, S., The analysis of organic compounds in waste water by gas extraction/thermal desorption/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Chin. J. Chromatogr., 14(6), 1996, 421-424.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      648.5 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 40C(4min)=>(7C/min)=>190C=>(10C/min)=>250C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Lee, J.-H.; Hwang, S.M.; Lee, D.W.; Heo, G.S., Determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using tedlar bag/solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME/GC/MS) in ambient and workplace air, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 23(3), 2002, 488-496.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      658 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Zenkevich, I.G., Comparative Characterization of Conditions for Unambuguous Chromatographic Identification of Organic Compounds, Zh. Anal. Khim., 56(9), 2001, 915-924, In original 915-924., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Zenkevich, I.G.; Korolenko, L.I.; Khralenkova, N.B., Desorption with solvent vapor as a method of sample preparation in the sorption preconcentration of organic-compounds from the air of a working area and from industrial-waste gases, J. Appl. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.), 50(10), 1995, 937-944.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      663 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 200 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.75 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Health Safety Executive, MDHS 96 Volatile organic compounds in air – Laboratory method using pumed solid sorbent tubes, solvent desorption and gas chromatography, in Methods for the Determination of Hazardous Substances (MDHS) guidance, Crown, Colegate, Norwich, 2000, 1-24.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      654.5 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 35C(4min) =>4C/min =>130C =>25C/min =>200C(5min); CAS no: 56235; Active phase: CP Sil 5 CB; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1.2 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Miermans, C.J.H.; van der Velde, L.E.; Frintrop, P.C.M., Analysis of volatile organic compounds, using the purge and trap injector coupled to a gas chromatograph/ion-trap mass spectrometer: Review of the results in Dutch surface water of the Rhine, Meuse, Northern Delta Area and Westerscheldt, over the period 1992-1997, Chemosphere, 40, 2000, 39-48.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      656.4 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 35 C; End T: 220 C; End time: 2 min; Start time: 10 min; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: RTX-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 3 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Restek, Restek International, 1999 Product Guide, 1(1), 1999, 578-591, In original 578-591.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      645 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 3 min at 5 C; 5 – 50 C at 3 deg/min; 50 – 220 C at 5 deg/min; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: DB-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Ciccioli, P.; Brancaleoni, E.; Cecinato, A.; Sparapani, R.; Frattoni, M., Identification and determination of biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compounds in forest areas of Northern and Southern Europe and a remote site of the Himalaya region by high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr., 643, 1993, 55-69., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 0 C; End T: 250 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: DB-1; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Habu, T.; Flath, R.A.; Mon, T.R.; Morton, J.F., Volatile components of Rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis), J. Agric. Food Chem., 33(2), 1985, 249-254., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 250 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.5 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Misharina, T.A.; Golovnya, R.V.; Charnomskii, V.V., Volatile components of boiled shrimp funchalia woodwardi and crab geryon maritae, Zh. Anal. Khim., 46, 1991, 1421-1429., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: DB-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Ciccioli, P.; Cecinato, A.; Brancaleoni, E.; Brachetti, A.; Frattoni, M.; Sparapani, R., Composition and Distribution of Polar and Non-Polar VOCs in Urban, Rural, Forest and Remote Areas, Eur Commission EUR, , 1994, 549-568.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      654 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 30 C; End T: 240 C; Start time: 10 min; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1.2 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Ciccioli, P.; Cecinato, A.; Brancaleoni, E.; Frattoni, M.; Liberti, A., Use of carbon adsorption traps combined with high resolution gas chromatography – mass spectrometry for the analysis of polar and non-polar C4-C14 hydrocarbons involved in photochemical smog formation, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 15, 1992, 75-84.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      654.6 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2 K/min; Start T: 20 C; End T: 200 C; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Yasuhara, A.; Morita, M.; Fuwa, K., Temperature-programmed retention indices of 221 halogenated organic compounds with 1-bromoalkanes as references, J. Chromatogr., 328, 1985, 35-48.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      649 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: -10C (8min) =>12C/min => 26C => 3C/min => 170C (30min); CAS no: 56235; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Heydanek, M.G.; McGorrin, R.J., Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy investigations on the flavor chemistry of oat groats, J. Agric. Food Chem., 29, 1981, 950-954.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      656 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 200 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: HP-5; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Isidorov, V.; Jdanova, M., Volatile organic compounds from leaves litter, Chemosphere, 48, 2002, 975-979.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      664 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 40 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 30 0C (1 min) ^ 15 0C/min -> 45 0C ^ 3 0C/min -> 120 0C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: CP Sil 8 CB; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Weller, J.-P.; Wolf, M., Massenspektroskopie und Headspace-GC, Beitr. Gerichtl. Med., 47, 1989, 525-532., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Sorimachi, J.; Tanabe, A.; Mitobe, H.; Kuniaki, K.; Masaaki, S., Programmed temperature retention indices for volatile organic compounds on headspace GC/MS analysis, Niigata-ken Eisei Kogai Kenkyusho Nenpo, 11, 1995, 75-79.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      628 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 220 C; End time: 0 min; Start time: 0 min; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Porapack Q; Carrier gas: Nitrogen; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Zenkevich, I.G.; Konukhova, S.V., Gas Chromatographic Identification of Ecologically Safe Freones, Vestn. of St. Petersburg Univ. (Rus.), , 1992, 66-70, In original 66-70.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      611 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 1.5 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 150 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Synachrom; Carrier gas: Helium; Substrate: Synachrom (60-80 mesh); Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Dufka, O.; Malinsky, J.; Vladyka, J., Sorpcni materialy pro plynovou chromatographii – III, Chemicky promysl., 21/46(9), 1971, 459-463.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      618 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 1.5 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 150 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Synachrom; Carrier gas: Helium; Substrate: Synachrom (60-80 mesh); Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Dufka, O.; Malinsky, J.; Vladyka, J., Sorpcni materialy pro plynovou chromatographii – III, Chemicky promysl., 21/46(9), 1971, 459-463.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      651 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 56235; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Vernon, F., An investigation into hydrogen bonding in gas-liquid chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 63, 1971, 249-257.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      675 (Program type: Isothermal; Col

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