Biology Transcription and Translation Worksheet Answers – Flashcards
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What are the three differences between RNA and DNA?
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1) RNA has Uratin not Thymine
2) DNA is doublestranned and RNA is singlestranned
3) RNA has an extra oxygen
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Where is DNA found in the cell?
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Nucleus
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Where is RNA found in the cell?
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Cytoplasm
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Name three types of RNA and what they do
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1) mRNA carries stuff around the cell
2) tRNA gets material for amino acids and transfers it
3) rRNA makes proteins
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What are the steps of Transcription?
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1) One or more sigma factor protein binds to the RNA polymerase holoenzyme, allowing it to bind to promoter DNA
2) RNA polymerase creates a transcription bubble, which separates the two strands of the DNA helix. This is done by breaking the hydrogen bonds between complementary DNA nucleotides.
3) RNA polymerase adds matching RNA nucleotides to the complimentary DNA nucleotides
4) RNA sugar phosphate backbone forms with assistance from RNA polymerase to form an RNA strand
5) Hydrogen bonds of the untwisted RNA-DNA helix break, freeing the newly synthesized RNA strand.
6) If the cell has a nucleus, the RNA may be further processed. This may include polyadenylation, capping, and splicing.
7) The RNA may remain in the nucleus or exit to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore complex
