Biology Test 2 – Flashcards

Nucleic acids are polymers of ________ monomers.

A specific stretch of DNA that programs the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide is a ________.

DNA nucleotides include ________.

Which of the following is TRUE with regard to a DNA molecule?

If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence AGTACTG, what will be the sequence of the other strand?

How does RNA differ from DNA?

Carbohydrates typically include ________.

Table sugar is ________.

Sometimes when I have my morning coffee, which I drink black with no cream or sugar, I notice a thin film floating on top of the coffee. Since I have just read Chapter 3 of the text, I now realize the nature of this substance and so I run to my friend screaming, "Look at this ________ in my coffee!"

What name is given to the following reaction? glycerol + 3 fatty acids → triglyceride + 3 water molecules

Which of the following is a health effect of a diet high in saturated fats?

Amino acids include a side group as well as ________.

What is the name given to the reaction that breaks peptide bonds?

A protein's function is most dependent on its ________.

Extremophilic bacteria are able to survive in hostile environments, including scalding hot water as well as springs and vents that reach temperatures over 100°C. Researchers studying these bacteria measured the function of a protein from an extremophile bacterium at 100°C, and they also measured the function of a similar protein from a human cell at 100°C. Which of the following results do you think the researchers obtained?

A DNA molecule has the sequence AGTTCAACT. The equivalent RNA molecule would have the sequence ________.

The ability to tolerate lactose throughout life most likely arose in ________.

Which of the following are isomers?

Complete the equation: monosaccharide + monosaccharide → ______ + water

In the following equation, lactose is a ______. galactose + glucose → lactose + water

For good health, it is important to include ______ in our diets

Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?

Animals store carbohydrates as ______.

Cellulose is an example of ______.

Which of the following is hydrophilic?

A glycerol with three fatty acids attached is referred to as a ______.

Saturated fats are saturated with ______.

By definition, what type of fatty acid has double bonds?

Which of the following is lowest in unsaturated fats?

A fat that is hydrogenated is ______.

______ is a steroid.

A friend of yours appears to have put on a lot of muscle very quickly. At the same time, you notice that your friend seems to have a lot of mood swings and appears depressed. It is reasonable for you to suspect that your friend has begun to take ______.

Enzymes are ______.

Proteins are polymers constructed from ______ monomers.

Which theory states that all living things are composed of cells?

Plants are susceptible to bacterial infections, which can damage their structure or even kill them. Which of the following would be the best antibiotic to treat a plant that is infected with bacteria?

When using a microscope to view cells you obtained from scraping under your fingernails, you notice that the cells lack nuclei; therefore, you conclude that the cells must be a type of ________ cell.

You find a cell of a type you have never seen before. The cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall. Therefore, you conclude that it is likely to be a(n) ________ cell

Which of the following is a feature of prokaryotic cells but not eukaryotic cells?

One difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ______ prokaryotic cells.

In eukaryotic cells, what name is given to the region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane?

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?

________ are the major lipids of plasma membranes

The extracellular matrix of animal cells ________.