Biology Lab Manual #3 – Flashcards

the four basic classes of large organic molecules (macromolecules)

building blocks of carbohydrates

building blocks of proteins

building blocks of lips

building blocks of nucleic acids

what is being tested

used for comparison to identify an unknown

produces a positive reaction

does not contain the variable for which you are searching and does not react in the test (water is a good example) and produces a negative reaction

examples of monosaccharides

examples of disaccharides

a carbohydrate molecule that contains more than 2 and less than 10 sugar units

generally has more than 10 sugar units

a polysaccharide composed of numerous glucose units linked together

detects the presence of reducing sugars

benedict's test detects the presence of most __________ and a few __________

when a reducing sugar reacts with the benedict's reagent, the solution turns from a ____ color to an ________ or ____-______ color often with a typical brick-red precipitation

test that detects the presence of starch

the iodine test detects the presence of starch by changing color from a ____ ______ to a ____-_____, when iodine complexes with a starch molecule

polypeptides that have spontaneously folded into a characteristic 3D shape essential for normal protein functioning

long linear chains of amino acids

refers to any water soluble proteins, which are abundantly present in many biological substances, such as animal body fluid and egg whites

used as a pure protein sample in bradford test

test that indicates the presence of proteins

the bradford tests indicates the presence of proteins via a color change from _____ ____ to a _____

do amino acids or peptides react with the bradford test?

the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

a thin layer of material that contains holes of various sizes or pores

means that small substances and fluid, such as sugars, salt and water, can move freely in either direction across the membrane but the movement of larger substances are prevented

osmosis is a special case of diffusion where water moves across the selectively permeable membrane from a side of ____ water concentration to the side of _____

an application of the semi-permeable membrane in medicine;used as an artificial replacement fro kidneys that fail to adequately filter waste products from the blood