Biology–Final – Flashcards
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In order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by
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Wrapping tightly around associated proteins
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Chromatids are
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Duplicate halves of a chromosome
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A centromere is
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A protein disk that attaches two chromatids to each other in a chromosome
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Which of the following is NOT a true difference between the chromosomes of eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
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Eukaryotic chromosomes contain DNA, while prokaryotic chromosomes contain a different form of genetic material
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The chromosomes in your body
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Exist in 23 pairs, include two sex chromosomes, include 44 autosomes
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A student can study a karyotype to learn about the
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Number of chromosomes present in a body cell
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A diploid cell is one that
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has two homologous of each each chromosome, is designated by the symbol 2n, has chromosomes found in pairs
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Diploid: body cell:: haploid:
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Reproductive cell
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The diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. How many chromosomes are in a human egg cell?
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23
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How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a diploid number of 8?
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16
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Binary Fission
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is the process by which bacteria reproduce
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The chromosome of a bacterium
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has a circular shape
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In bacterium, cell division takes place when
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the DNA is copied, a new cell membrane forms between the DNA copies, and the cell splits into two cells
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The stage of the cell cycle that occupies most of the cell's life is
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Interphase
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Which of the following shows the correct sequence of the cell cycle?
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G1--S--G2--M--C
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Growth: G1::
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Cytokinesis : M
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Metaphase: Prophase ::
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G2 : S
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The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell is called
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Metaphase
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A spindle fiber is a specialized form of
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Microtubule
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A typical cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, each of the two new cells formed from the original cell
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has a complete set of 46 chromosomes
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As a result of mitosis, each of the new cells produced from the original cell during cytokinesis
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Donates a chromosome to the original cell
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5: cell cycle ::
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4 : mitosis ::
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In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs when
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a new cell wall forms
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Mitosis is a process by which
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a cell's nucleus divides
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Which of the following statements is true?
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Cytokinesis differs in plant cells and animal cells
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Separation of homologous occurs during
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Meiosis I
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The difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis of that
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crossing-over occurs only in anaphase of mitosis
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When crossing-over takes place, chromosomes
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exchange corresponding segments of DNA
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The exchange of segments of DNA between the members of a pair of chromosomes
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acts as a source of variations within a species never occurs
