Biology 1050 Chapter 8 – Flashcards
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A(n) ________ is an example of an organism that can sometimes reproduce asexually by parthenogenesis
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Komodo dragon
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Ordinary cell division produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical. This type of cell division is important for all of the following functions EXCEPT ________.
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production of sperm and eggs
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The chromosomes of Eukaryota cells are found in the
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nucleus
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Chromatin consists of __________
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DNA and protein
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A duplicated chromosome consists of two ______
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sister chromatids
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Sister chromatids are joined at the _________
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centromere
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Which of the following occurs during interphase?
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chromosome duplication occurs
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The mitotic cell cycle results in the production of _________
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two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information
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Which of the following occurs during prophase?
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the mitotic spindle begins to form
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Which of the following is a stage of mitosis?
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telophase
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The CORRECT sequence of stages of mitosis is ________?
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prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
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During metapahs, _______________
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chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
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Which of these events occurs during anaphase?
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sister chromatids become separate chromosomes
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During telophase, ___________?
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the events of prophase are reversed
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A cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would _______?
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have two nuclei
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Cytokinesis typically begins during the ______ stages of mitosis?
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telophase
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What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor?
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Benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do
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Which of the following will help prevent cancer and increase survival?
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seek early detection of tumors
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Homologous chromosomes ____________?
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carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics
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What chromosomes belong to a normal human male?
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44 autosomes, and X chromosome, and one Y chromosome
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What chromosomes belong to a normal human female?
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44 autosomes, and 2 X chromosomes
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Chromosomes that do NOT determine the sex of an individual are called ________________
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autosomes
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Sexual reproduction in humans _______________.
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allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell
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In meiosis, how does prophase I differ from propahse II?
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During prophase I there is one diploid cell, during prophase II there are two haploid cells
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How much genetic material is present in a cell during prophase I compared to a cell that has completed meiosis II?
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four times as much
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During metaphase I, ______.
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homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
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Upon completion of telophase I and cytokinesis, there is (are) ______________ cell(s).
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two haploid
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Which of the following is a characteristic seen in prophase I that doe NOT occur in propahse II?
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crossing over occurs
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Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II ________and in mitotic anaphase ________.
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the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate.... the cells have the same number of chromosomes as the original cell and sister chromatids separate
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One difference between mitosis and meiosis is ________.
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mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not
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Genetic variation is accomplished by all the but one of the following. Choose the exception.
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the events of meiosis II
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Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I?
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Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles
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For a species with four pairs of chromosomes, ________ chromosome combinations are possible
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16
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Crossing over during prophase I results in ________
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genetic recombination
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A karyotype (a chromosome display) would be unable to determine ________.
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eye colour
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How many chromosomes can a gamete possess as a result of nondisjunction?
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n + 1 or n-1
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How many chromosomes does an individual with Turner syndrome have?
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2n - 1
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Sexual reproduction appears to be absent in bdelloid rotifer. Which of these, if found in this group, would bring into question the idea that they reproduce ONLY asexually?
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cells in which meiosis occurs
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Which of these describes the type of reproduction that is most adaptive in a rapidly changing environment with many different parasitic diseases present?
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sexual reproduction because the diversity of genotypes increases the likelihood that there is one which can survive in a new environment
