Bio II Test #2 – Flashcards

Which of the following is a true statement concerning genetic variation?

No two people are genetically identical, except for identical twins. The main source of genetic variation among human individuals is..

Evolution....

Which of the following is the study of how populations change genetically over time?

The geographic isolation of a population from other members and the subsequent evolution of reproductive barriers between it and the parent species describe __________ speciation.

A hybrid zone is properly defined as

Which of the two following have operated to increase divergence between mosquitofish popuations on Andros? 1. Improved gene flow 2. Bottleneck effect 3. Sexual selection 4. Founder effect 5. Natural selection

Which of the following conditions would tend to make the Hardy-Weinberg equation more accurate for predicting the genotype frequencies of future generations in a population of a sexually reproducing species?

Which of the following would tend to promote adaptive radiation?

Evolution can make a perfect organism because evolution is not limited by historical constraints

In the formula for determining a populations genotype frequencies, the 2 in the term 2pq is necessary because

Which of the following mechanism contribute to genetic varation?

A sunflower is an example of which kingdom?

A biologist discovers two populations of wolf spiders those members appear identical. Members of one population are found in the leaf litter deep within the woods. Members of the other population are found the grass at the edge of the woods. The biologist decides to designate the members of the two populations are separate species. Which species concept is this biologist most closely utilizing?

A narrow hyrbid zone separates the toad species Bombing Bombina and Bombina Variegata. Which is true of those alleles that are unique to the parental species?

Which of these should decline in hybrid zones where reinforcement is occuring

Dog breeders maintain the purity of breeds by keeping dogs of different breeds apart when they are fertile. This kind of isolation is most similar to which of the following reproductive isolating mechanisms?

The formation of new species is termed _________

Which of the following statements about species, as defined by the biological species concept is correct? I. Biological species are defined by reproductive isolation II. Biological species are the models used for grouping extinct forms of life III. The biological species is the largest unit of population in which successful interbreeding is possible.

Which of the following types of reproductive barriers separates a pair of species that could interbreed except that one mates at dusk and the other at dawn?

Which of the following are two types of genetic drift?

the biological species concept defines a species

In this type of sexual selections, individuals of one sex (usually female) are choosy in selection mates

Changes in the nucleotide sequences of DNA is the ultimate source of new allele's

According to the concept of punctuated equilibrium, the "sudden" appearance of a new species in the fossil record means that ...

A defining characteristic of allopatric speciation is ___________.

The recessive allele that causes Phenylketonuria (PKU) is harmful, except when an infant's diet has appropriate levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. What maintains the presence if this harmful allele in a population's gene pool?

In order for speciation to occur, what must be true?

Heterozygote advantage should be most closely linked to which of the following?

Two species that sometimes mate and produce vigorous but sterile offspring are separated by

Sympatric speciation commonly occurs through ________ in plants, but is more likely to occur through _______ in animals.

According to the punctuated equilibrium model,

Which statement about variation is true?

The difference between geographic isolation and habitat differentiation is the

How did an understanding of genetics lead to "the modern synthesis"?

Which of the following factors would NOT contribute to allopatric speciation?

Which of the following is most likely to produce an African butterfly species in the wild whose numbers have one of two strikingly different color patterns?

You sample a population of butterflies and find that 42% are heterozygous at a particular locus (location of gene). What should be the frequency of the recessive allele in this population?

Males of different species of the fruit fly drosophlia that live in the same parts of the Hawaiian islands have different elaborate courtship rituals. These rituals involve fighting other males and making stylized movements that attract females. What type of reproductive isolation does this represent?

Who is considered the father of taxonomy?

Genetic change due to the migration of fertile individuals or gametes between population is

Two species that occasionally mate and produce zygotes, but the zygote has incompatible genes that prevent the resulting embryo from developing are separated by

The contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation, relative to the contributions of other individuals is..

Which of the following statements about speciation is correct?

Population is

Macroevolution and microevolution are both genetic changes in a species over time

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the freqeuncy of homozygous dominant individuals in a population is equal to

Bonus: What is the magic word of the day?

Indicate which of the Hardy-Weinberg conditions is being violated in the following example: Some moths on a tree are easier to see due to their lighter color and therefore are eaten by predators more often.

Which of the following is a rich source for the earliest prokaryote fossils?

You spot a sea snake while you are on a boat in the ocean and remark about how similar it looks to a snake that lives in central Illinois. However, you know that they are most likely separate species due to which of the following reproductive barriers?

When differentiating between two species of fish, you notice that one species stay near the surface and feed on the floating algae while the other species are bottom feeders. This is using the

During what era were dinosaurs and gymnosperms the dominant organisms?

The fossil record shows that species remain the same for long periods of time, but then speciation episodes occur rapidly. This is incative of

A sudden increase in diversity of many animal phyla was seen in the __________ period.

The century cactus flowers every 100 years. A similar cactus flowers every 50 years. If the 50-year-cactus pollen has the correct characteristics to fertilize the century cactus, which reproductive barrier will most likely be working against that possibility.

When did the first prokaryotes arise, according to the fossil record?

Indicate what type of selection is occurring in the example here: Due to less snowfall in the area, white mice are predated on more than intermediate- or dark colored-mice.