BIO II Chp. 13,14,37 – Flashcards

Which of the following assumptions or observations is not part of Darwin's idea of natural selection?

Humans share several features with salamanders. Certain genes and proteins are nearly identical between the two species; both species have four limbs with a similar skeletal structure; the species' early embryos are very similar; and where the salamander has a functional tail, humans have a vestigial tailbone. In evolutionary terms, these are examples of

The core theme of biology, which explains both the unity and diversity of life, is

Aristotle believed that

Who developed a theory of evolution almost identical to Darwin's?

Which of the following statements would Darwin have disagreed with?

Which of the following best expresses the concept of natural selection?

A population is

The frequency of homozygous dominant individuals in a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is equal to

Genetic drift resulting from a disaster that drastically reduces population size is called

Genetic differences between populations tend to be reduced by

Which of the following will tend to produce adaptive changes in populations?

Which of the following would most quickly be eliminated by natural selection?

Speciation, or the formation of new species, is

Which of the following would a biologist describe as microevolution?

Which provides the most general and correct description of the idea of a reproductive barrier?

Which of the following types of reproductive barriers separates a pair of insect species that could interbreed but for the fact that one lives on goldenrod plants and the other on autumn daisies in the same general area?

Which of the following types of reproductive barriers separates a pair of moth species that could interbreed but for the fact that the females' mating pheromones are not attractive to the males of the other species?

Which of the following types of reproductive barriers separates two species of sea cucumbers whose sperm and eggs often bump into each other but do not cross-fertilize because of incompatible proteins on their surfaces?

Two species interbreed occasionally and produce vigorous, fertile hybrids. When the hybrids breed with each other or with either parent species, however, the offspring are feeble or sterile. These species are affected by

The emergence of many diverse species from a common ancestor is called

One of the finest available sequences of fossils shows how horses have changed slowly and by subtle steps from small shrub-browsing ancestors to the large, grass-grazing modern horse. A large number of fossil species have been named, and it is often difficult to decide on the identity of a fossil horse because transitional forms are common. This record of evolution best fits the idea of

Speciation has occurred when

For speciation to occur there must be

A community is composed of

One reason it is important to understand community ecology is

Which of the following is an example of predation?

The sum total of a population's use of the biotic and abiotic resources of its habitat constitutes its

Camouflage typically evolves as a result of

The prokaryotes that cause tooth decay have a ________ relationship with humans.

In a food chain consisting of phytoplankton → zooplankton → fish → fishermen, the fishermen are

A keystone species that is a predator will

Non-native species that are introduced to new environments, spread far beyond the original point of introduction, and cause damage are called

For a given area and time period, the amount of solar energy converted to chemical energy in organic compounds is called

One simple thing that you can do to help safeguard the environment is to eat a diet consisting only of organisms that are

Which of the following is NOT one of the three ways sexual reproduction shuffles alleles to produce new combinations?

Which of the following is NOT one of the Hardy-Weinberg principles?

____________ favors intermediate phenotypes, acting against extreme phenotypes.

____________ acts against individuals at one of the phenotypic extremes.

Speciation, or the formation of new species, is

Which of the following would a biologist describe as microevolution?

The biological species concept is

Which of the following statements regarding the definition of species is false?

Which provides the most general and correct description of the idea of a reproductive barrier?

Two populations of organisms belong to the same biological species when they

Frequently, a group of related species will each have a unique courtship ritual that must be performed correctly for both partners to be willing to mate. Such a ritual constitutes a ________, ________ reproductive barrier.

A community is composed of

One reason it is important to understand community ecology is

One mechanism that prey populations evolve to avoid predation is

Most plants have a variety of chemicals, spines, and thorns because the plants

What does Species mean in Latin?

What are fossils?

What is a population?

What is population genetics?

What are mutations?

The three main causes of evolutionary change are

relative fitness

Stabilizing selection

Directional selection

Disruptive selection

Reproductive isolation

morphological species concept

ecological species concept

phylogenetic species concept

Reproductive barriers

pre zygotic barriers

post zygotic barriers

behavioral isolation

mechanical isolation

gametic isolation

allopatric speciation

Sympatric speciation

polyploidy

adaptive radiation

Hybrid zones

community

mutualism

ecological niche

herbivore

parasitism

Prey

Plant defenses against herbivores include

Parasite

Pathogens are disease-causing microscopic parasites that include

Producers

Herbivores are

Secondary consumers

Tertiary consumers

Quaternary consumers

Natural selection

Sexual reproduction shuffles alleles to produce new combinations in three ways

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

evolution